Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment

Abstract Research on the transformation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) through pretreatment process using ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate (IL [TEA][HSO4]) was completed. The stages of the transformation process carried out were the synthesis of IL with the one-spot method, o...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Nurdin, Haznan Abimanyu, Hadijah Putriani, L. O. M. Idal Setiawan, Maulidiyah Maulidiyah, Dwiprayogo Wibowo, Ansharullah Ansharullah, Muh. Natsir, La Ode Agus Salim, Zul Arham, Faizal Mustapa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a44eb387076441e97e6f9bf728e7aa4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a44eb387076441e97e6f9bf728e7aa42021-12-02T15:02:48ZOptimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment10.1038/s41598-021-90891-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9a44eb387076441e97e6f9bf728e7aa42021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90891-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Research on the transformation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) through pretreatment process using ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate (IL [TEA][HSO4]) was completed. The stages of the transformation process carried out were the synthesis of IL with the one-spot method, optimization of IL composition and pretreatment temperature, and IL recovery. The success of the IL synthesis stage was analyzed by FTIR, H-NMR and TGA. Based on the results obtained, it showed that IL [TEA][HSO4] was successfully synthesized. This was indicated by the presence of IR absorption at 1/λ = 2814.97 cm−1, 1401.07 cm−1, 1233.30 cm−1 and 847.92 cm−1 which were functional groups for NH, CH3, CN and SO2, respectively. These results were supported by H-NMR data at δ (ppm) = 1.217–1.236 (N–CH2–CH3), 3.005–3.023 (–H), 3.427–3.445 (N–H+) and 3.867 (N+H3). The TGA results showed that the melting point and decomposition temperature of the IL were 49 °C and 274.3 °C, respectively. Based on pretreatment optimization, it showed that the best IL composition for cellulose production was 85 wt%. Meanwhile, temperature optimization showed that the best temperature was 120 °C. In these two optimum conditions, the cellulose content was obtained at 45.84 wt%. Testing of IL [TEA][HSO4] recovery performance for reuse has shown promising results. During the pretreatment process, IL [TEA][HSO4] recovery effectively increased the cellulose content of OPEFB to 29.13 wt% and decreased the lignin content to 32.57%. The success of the recovery process is indicated by the increasing density properties of IL [TEA][HSO4]. This increase occurs when using a temperature of 80–100 °C. The overall conditions obtained from this work suggest that IL [TEA][HSO4] was effective during the transformation process of OPEFB into cellulose. This shows the potential of IL [TEA][HSO4] in the future in the renewable energy sector.Muhammad NurdinHaznan AbimanyuHadijah PutrianiL. O. M. Idal SetiawanMaulidiyah MaulidiyahDwiprayogo WibowoAnsharullah AnsharullahMuh. NatsirLa Ode Agus SalimZul ArhamFaizal MustapaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Muhammad Nurdin Haznan Abimanyu Hadijah Putriani L. O. M. Idal Setiawan Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Dwiprayogo Wibowo Ansharullah Ansharullah Muh. Natsir La Ode Agus Salim Zul Arham Faizal Mustapa Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
description	Abstract Research on the transformation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) through pretreatment process using ionic liquid triethylammonium hydrogen sulphate (IL [TEA][HSO4]) was completed. The stages of the transformation process carried out were the synthesis of IL with the one-spot method, optimization of IL composition and pretreatment temperature, and IL recovery. The success of the IL synthesis stage was analyzed by FTIR, H-NMR and TGA. Based on the results obtained, it showed that IL [TEA][HSO4] was successfully synthesized. This was indicated by the presence of IR absorption at 1/λ = 2814.97 cm−1, 1401.07 cm−1, 1233.30 cm−1 and 847.92 cm−1 which were functional groups for NH, CH3, CN and SO2, respectively. These results were supported by H-NMR data at δ (ppm) = 1.217–1.236 (N–CH2–CH3), 3.005–3.023 (–H), 3.427–3.445 (N–H+) and 3.867 (N+H3). The TGA results showed that the melting point and decomposition temperature of the IL were 49 °C and 274.3 °C, respectively. Based on pretreatment optimization, it showed that the best IL composition for cellulose production was 85 wt%. Meanwhile, temperature optimization showed that the best temperature was 120 °C. In these two optimum conditions, the cellulose content was obtained at 45.84 wt%. Testing of IL [TEA][HSO4] recovery performance for reuse has shown promising results. During the pretreatment process, IL [TEA][HSO4] recovery effectively increased the cellulose content of OPEFB to 29.13 wt% and decreased the lignin content to 32.57%. The success of the recovery process is indicated by the increasing density properties of IL [TEA][HSO4]. This increase occurs when using a temperature of 80–100 °C. The overall conditions obtained from this work suggest that IL [TEA][HSO4] was effective during the transformation process of OPEFB into cellulose. This shows the potential of IL [TEA][HSO4] in the future in the renewable energy sector.
format	article
author	Muhammad Nurdin Haznan Abimanyu Hadijah Putriani L. O. M. Idal Setiawan Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Dwiprayogo Wibowo Ansharullah Ansharullah Muh. Natsir La Ode Agus Salim Zul Arham Faizal Mustapa
author_facet	Muhammad Nurdin Haznan Abimanyu Hadijah Putriani L. O. M. Idal Setiawan Maulidiyah Maulidiyah Dwiprayogo Wibowo Ansharullah Ansharullah Muh. Natsir La Ode Agus Salim Zul Arham Faizal Mustapa
author_sort	Muhammad Nurdin
title	Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
title_short	Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
title_full	Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
title_fullStr	Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
title_full_unstemmed	Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment
title_sort	optimization of opefb lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [tea][hso4] based pretreatment
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a44eb387076441e97e6f9bf728e7aa4
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Optimization of OPEFB lignocellulose transformation process through ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] based pretreatment

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