Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators

Abstract Visual floral characters play an important role in shaping plant-pollinator interactions. The genus Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae), comprising approximately 140 species, is described as displaying a remarkable variety of flower colours and sizes. Despite this variation in visual floral traits o...

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Autores principales:	Katarzyna Roguz, Laurence Hill, Sebastian Koethe, Klaus Lunau, Agata Roguz, Marcin Zych
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a84b613f7bd424d8543d06dbeaa5c2b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a84b613f7bd424d8543d06dbeaa5c2b2021-12-02T15:00:59ZVisibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators10.1038/s41598-021-90140-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9a84b613f7bd424d8543d06dbeaa5c2b2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90140-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Visual floral characters play an important role in shaping plant-pollinator interactions. The genus Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae), comprising approximately 140 species, is described as displaying a remarkable variety of flower colours and sizes. Despite this variation in visual floral traits of fritillaries, little is known about the potential role of these features in shaping plant-pollinator interactions. Here, we seek to clarify the role of visual attraction in species offering a robust food reward for pollinators early in the spring, which is the case for Fritillaria. We also searched for potential tendencies in the evolution of floral traits crucial for plant-pollinator communication. The generality of species with green and purple flowers may indicate an influence of environmental factors other than pollinators. The flowers of the studied species seem to be visible but not very visually attractive to potential pollinators. The food rewards are hidden within the nodding perianth, and both traits are conserved among fritillaries. Additionally, visual floral traits are not good predictors of nectar properties. When in the flowers, pollinators are navigated by nectar guides in the form of contrasting nectary area colouration. Flower colour does not serve as a phenotypic filter against illegitimate pollinators—red and orange bird-pollinated fritillaries are visible to bees.Katarzyna RoguzLaurence HillSebastian KoetheKlaus LunauAgata RoguzMarcin ZychNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Katarzyna Roguz Laurence Hill Sebastian Koethe Klaus Lunau Agata Roguz Marcin Zych Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
description	Abstract Visual floral characters play an important role in shaping plant-pollinator interactions. The genus Fritillaria L. (Liliaceae), comprising approximately 140 species, is described as displaying a remarkable variety of flower colours and sizes. Despite this variation in visual floral traits of fritillaries, little is known about the potential role of these features in shaping plant-pollinator interactions. Here, we seek to clarify the role of visual attraction in species offering a robust food reward for pollinators early in the spring, which is the case for Fritillaria. We also searched for potential tendencies in the evolution of floral traits crucial for plant-pollinator communication. The generality of species with green and purple flowers may indicate an influence of environmental factors other than pollinators. The flowers of the studied species seem to be visible but not very visually attractive to potential pollinators. The food rewards are hidden within the nodding perianth, and both traits are conserved among fritillaries. Additionally, visual floral traits are not good predictors of nectar properties. When in the flowers, pollinators are navigated by nectar guides in the form of contrasting nectary area colouration. Flower colour does not serve as a phenotypic filter against illegitimate pollinators—red and orange bird-pollinated fritillaries are visible to bees.
format	article
author	Katarzyna Roguz Laurence Hill Sebastian Koethe Klaus Lunau Agata Roguz Marcin Zych
author_facet	Katarzyna Roguz Laurence Hill Sebastian Koethe Klaus Lunau Agata Roguz Marcin Zych
author_sort	Katarzyna Roguz
title	Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
title_short	Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
title_full	Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
title_fullStr	Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
title_full_unstemmed	Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
title_sort	visibility and attractiveness of fritillaria (liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a84b613f7bd424d8543d06dbeaa5c2b
work_keys_str_mv	AT katarzynaroguz visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators AT laurencehill visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators AT sebastiankoethe visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators AT klauslunau visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators AT agataroguz visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators AT marcinzych visibilityandattractivenessoffritillarialiliaceaeflowerstopotentialpollinators
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Visibility and attractiveness of Fritillaria (Liliaceae) flowers to potential pollinators

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