Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake

ABSTRACT Optimal feed efficiency (FE) in pigs is important for economic and environmental reasons. Previous research identified FE-associated bacterial taxa within the intestinal microbiota of growing pigs. This study investigated whether FE-associated bacteria and selected FE-associated physiologic...

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Autores principales:	Ursula M. McCormack, Tânia Curião, Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli, Elizabeth Magowan, Donagh P. Berry, Henry Reyer, Maria L. Prieto, Stefan G. Buzoianu, Michael Harrison, Natalie Rebeiz, Fiona Crispie, Paul D. Cotter, Orla O’Sullivan, Gillian E. Gardiner, Peadar G. Lawlor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	feed efficiency geographic location intestinal microbiota pigs Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9a941dccb28b4753afa27310bcda9c79
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9a941dccb28b4753afa27310bcda9c792021-12-02T19:47:35ZPorcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake10.1128/mSystems.00324-182379-5077https://doaj.org/article/9a941dccb28b4753afa27310bcda9c792019-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00324-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT Optimal feed efficiency (FE) in pigs is important for economic and environmental reasons. Previous research identified FE-associated bacterial taxa within the intestinal microbiota of growing pigs. This study investigated whether FE-associated bacteria and selected FE-associated physiological traits were consistent across geographic locations (Republic of Ireland [ROI] [two batches of pigs, ROI1 and ROI2], Northern Ireland [NI], and Austria [AT]), where differences in genetic, dietary, and management factors were minimized. Pigs (n = 369) were ranked, within litter, on divergence in residual feed intake (RFI), and 100 extremes were selected (50 with high RFI and 50 with low RFI) across geographic locations for intestinal microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and examination of FE-associated physiological parameters. Microbial diversity varied by geographic location and intestinal sampling site but not by RFI rank, except in ROI2, where more-feed-efficient pigs had greater ileal and cecal diversity. Although none of the 188 RFI-associated taxonomic differences found were common to all locations/batches, Lentisphaerae, Ruminococcaceae, RF16, Mucispirillum, Methanobrevibacter, and two uncultured genera were more abundant within the fecal or cecal microbiota of low-RFI pigs in two geographic locations and/or in both ROI batches. These are major contributors to carbohydrate metabolism, which was reflected in functional predictions. Fecal volatile fatty acids and salivary cortisol were the only physiological parameters that differed between RFI ranks. Despite controlling genetics, diet specification, dietary phases, and management practices in each rearing environment, the rearing environment, encompassing maternal influence, herd health status, as well as other factors, appears to impact intestinal microbiota more than FE. IMPORTANCE Interest in the role of intestinal microbiota in determining FE in pigs has increased in recent years. However, it is not known if the same FE-associated bacteria are found across different rearing environments. In this study, geographic location and intestinal sampling site had a greater influence on the pig gut microbiome than FE. This presents challenges when aiming to identify consistent reliable microbial biomarkers for FE. Nonetheless, seven FE-associated microbial taxa were common across two geographic locations and/or two batches within one location, and these indicated a potentially “healthier” and metabolically more capable microbiota in more-feed-efficient pigs. These taxa could potentially be employed as biomarkers for FE, although bacterial consortia, rather than individual taxa, may be more likely to predict FE. They may also merit consideration for use as probiotics or could be targeted by dietary means as a strategy for improving FE in pigs in the future.Ursula M. McCormackTânia CuriãoBarbara U. Metzler-ZebeliElizabeth MagowanDonagh P. BerryHenry ReyerMaria L. PrietoStefan G. BuzoianuMichael HarrisonNatalie RebeizFiona CrispiePaul D. CotterOrla O’SullivanGillian E. GardinerPeadar G. LawlorAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlefeed efficiencygeographic locationintestinal microbiotapigsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 4, Iss 4 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	feed efficiency geographic location intestinal microbiota pigs Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	feed efficiency geographic location intestinal microbiota pigs Microbiology QR1-502 Ursula M. McCormack Tânia Curião Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli Elizabeth Magowan Donagh P. Berry Henry Reyer Maria L. Prieto Stefan G. Buzoianu Michael Harrison Natalie Rebeiz Fiona Crispie Paul D. Cotter Orla O’Sullivan Gillian E. Gardiner Peadar G. Lawlor Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
description	ABSTRACT Optimal feed efficiency (FE) in pigs is important for economic and environmental reasons. Previous research identified FE-associated bacterial taxa within the intestinal microbiota of growing pigs. This study investigated whether FE-associated bacteria and selected FE-associated physiological traits were consistent across geographic locations (Republic of Ireland [ROI] [two batches of pigs, ROI1 and ROI2], Northern Ireland [NI], and Austria [AT]), where differences in genetic, dietary, and management factors were minimized. Pigs (n = 369) were ranked, within litter, on divergence in residual feed intake (RFI), and 100 extremes were selected (50 with high RFI and 50 with low RFI) across geographic locations for intestinal microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and examination of FE-associated physiological parameters. Microbial diversity varied by geographic location and intestinal sampling site but not by RFI rank, except in ROI2, where more-feed-efficient pigs had greater ileal and cecal diversity. Although none of the 188 RFI-associated taxonomic differences found were common to all locations/batches, Lentisphaerae, Ruminococcaceae, RF16, Mucispirillum, Methanobrevibacter, and two uncultured genera were more abundant within the fecal or cecal microbiota of low-RFI pigs in two geographic locations and/or in both ROI batches. These are major contributors to carbohydrate metabolism, which was reflected in functional predictions. Fecal volatile fatty acids and salivary cortisol were the only physiological parameters that differed between RFI ranks. Despite controlling genetics, diet specification, dietary phases, and management practices in each rearing environment, the rearing environment, encompassing maternal influence, herd health status, as well as other factors, appears to impact intestinal microbiota more than FE. IMPORTANCE Interest in the role of intestinal microbiota in determining FE in pigs has increased in recent years. However, it is not known if the same FE-associated bacteria are found across different rearing environments. In this study, geographic location and intestinal sampling site had a greater influence on the pig gut microbiome than FE. This presents challenges when aiming to identify consistent reliable microbial biomarkers for FE. Nonetheless, seven FE-associated microbial taxa were common across two geographic locations and/or two batches within one location, and these indicated a potentially “healthier” and metabolically more capable microbiota in more-feed-efficient pigs. These taxa could potentially be employed as biomarkers for FE, although bacterial consortia, rather than individual taxa, may be more likely to predict FE. They may also merit consideration for use as probiotics or could be targeted by dietary means as a strategy for improving FE in pigs in the future.
format	article
author	Ursula M. McCormack Tânia Curião Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli Elizabeth Magowan Donagh P. Berry Henry Reyer Maria L. Prieto Stefan G. Buzoianu Michael Harrison Natalie Rebeiz Fiona Crispie Paul D. Cotter Orla O’Sullivan Gillian E. Gardiner Peadar G. Lawlor
author_facet	Ursula M. McCormack Tânia Curião Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli Elizabeth Magowan Donagh P. Berry Henry Reyer Maria L. Prieto Stefan G. Buzoianu Michael Harrison Natalie Rebeiz Fiona Crispie Paul D. Cotter Orla O’Sullivan Gillian E. Gardiner Peadar G. Lawlor
author_sort	Ursula M. McCormack
title	Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
title_short	Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
title_full	Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
title_fullStr	Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
title_full_unstemmed	Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake
title_sort	porcine feed efficiency-associated intestinal microbiota and physiological traits: finding consistent cross-locational biomarkers for residual feed intake
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/9a941dccb28b4753afa27310bcda9c79
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Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake

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