Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis

Various countries across the globe have been affected by different COVID-19 waves at different points in time and with varying levels of virulence. With the backdrop of the two COVID-19 waves that broke out in Delhi, this study examines the variations in the concentrations of criteria pollutants, ai...

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Autores principales:	Abhishek Dutta, Gautam Dutta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 successive waves Environmental variables Air quality Reproduction rate Infection spreading trajectory Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9aad400be0134d8a8e883e932b1cddf1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9aad400be0134d8a8e883e932b1cddf12021-12-02T05:03:22ZAssociation of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis2405-844010.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08468https://doaj.org/article/9aad400be0134d8a8e883e932b1cddf12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021025718https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Various countries across the globe have been affected by different COVID-19 waves at different points in time and with varying levels of virulence. With the backdrop of the two COVID-19 waves that broke out in Delhi, this study examines the variations in the concentrations of criteria pollutants, air quality, and meteorological variables across the waves and their influence on COVID-19 morbidity/mortality. Descriptive statistics, violin plots, and Spearman rank correlation tests were employed to assess the variations in environmental parameters and investigate their associations with COVID-19 incidence under the two waves. The susceptible-infected-recovered model and multiple linear regression were used to assess the wave-wise basic reproduction number (R0) and infection spreading trajectory of the virus. Our results show that the first wave in Delhi had three successive peaks and valleys, and the first peak of the second wave was the tallest, indicating the severity of per-day infection cases. During the analysed period (April 2020 and April 2021), concentrations of criteria pollutants varied across the waves, and air pollution was substantially higher during the second wave. In addition, the results revealed that during the second wave, NO2 maintained a significant negative relationship with COVID-19 (cases per day), while SO2 had a negative relationship with COVID-19 (cumulative cases) during the first wave. Our results also show a significant positive association of O3 with COVID-19 deaths during the first wave and cumulative cases and deaths during the second wave. The study indicates that a higher relative humidity in Delhi had a negative relation with COVID-19 cumulative cases and mortality during the first wave. The study confirms that the estimated R0 was marginally different during the two waves, and the spread of COVID-19 new cases followed a cubic growth trajectory. The findings of this study provide valuable information for policymakers in handling COVID-19 waves in various cities.Abhishek DuttaGautam DuttaElsevierarticleCOVID-19 successive wavesEnvironmental variablesAir qualityReproduction rateInfection spreading trajectoryScience (General)Q1-390Social sciences (General)H1-99ENHeliyon, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp e08468- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 successive waves Environmental variables Air quality Reproduction rate Infection spreading trajectory Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	COVID-19 successive waves Environmental variables Air quality Reproduction rate Infection spreading trajectory Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99 Abhishek Dutta Gautam Dutta Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
description	Various countries across the globe have been affected by different COVID-19 waves at different points in time and with varying levels of virulence. With the backdrop of the two COVID-19 waves that broke out in Delhi, this study examines the variations in the concentrations of criteria pollutants, air quality, and meteorological variables across the waves and their influence on COVID-19 morbidity/mortality. Descriptive statistics, violin plots, and Spearman rank correlation tests were employed to assess the variations in environmental parameters and investigate their associations with COVID-19 incidence under the two waves. The susceptible-infected-recovered model and multiple linear regression were used to assess the wave-wise basic reproduction number (R0) and infection spreading trajectory of the virus. Our results show that the first wave in Delhi had three successive peaks and valleys, and the first peak of the second wave was the tallest, indicating the severity of per-day infection cases. During the analysed period (April 2020 and April 2021), concentrations of criteria pollutants varied across the waves, and air pollution was substantially higher during the second wave. In addition, the results revealed that during the second wave, NO2 maintained a significant negative relationship with COVID-19 (cases per day), while SO2 had a negative relationship with COVID-19 (cumulative cases) during the first wave. Our results also show a significant positive association of O3 with COVID-19 deaths during the first wave and cumulative cases and deaths during the second wave. The study indicates that a higher relative humidity in Delhi had a negative relation with COVID-19 cumulative cases and mortality during the first wave. The study confirms that the estimated R0 was marginally different during the two waves, and the spread of COVID-19 new cases followed a cubic growth trajectory. The findings of this study provide valuable information for policymakers in handling COVID-19 waves in various cities.
format	article
author	Abhishek Dutta Gautam Dutta
author_facet	Abhishek Dutta Gautam Dutta
author_sort	Abhishek Dutta
title	Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
title_short	Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
title_full	Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
title_fullStr	Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis
title_sort	association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of covid-19 pandemic in delhi: a critical analysis
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9aad400be0134d8a8e883e932b1cddf1
work_keys_str_mv	AT abhishekdutta associationofairpollutionandmeteorologicalvariableswiththetwowavesofcovid19pandemicindelhiacriticalanalysis AT gautamdutta associationofairpollutionandmeteorologicalvariableswiththetwowavesofcovid19pandemicindelhiacriticalanalysis
_version_	1718400725744091136

Association of air pollution and meteorological variables with the two waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Delhi: A critical analysis

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