Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia

Tick-borne diseases are emerging and re-emerging threats causing public health concerns in Europe and North America. Prevention and control requires understanding of human exposure and behaviour. The aim was to measure exposure to tick bites across Scandinavia, its spatial distribution and the assoc...

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Autores principales:	Solveig Jore, Sophie O. Vanwambeke, Daniel Slunge, Anders Boman, Karen A. Krogfelt, Martin Tugwell Jepsen, Line Vold
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	ixodes ricinus tick tick bite norway sweden denmark Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9ac4039b6ec84141a528a2e88f358dfd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9ac4039b6ec84141a528a2e88f358dfd2021-11-04T15:00:43ZSpatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia2000-868610.1080/20008686.2020.1764693https://doaj.org/article/9ac4039b6ec84141a528a2e88f358dfd2020-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008686.2020.1764693https://doaj.org/toc/2000-8686Tick-borne diseases are emerging and re-emerging threats causing public health concerns in Europe and North America. Prevention and control requires understanding of human exposure and behaviour. The aim was to measure exposure to tick bites across Scandinavia, its spatial distribution and the associated risk factors. Methods We sent a web-based survey to a randomly chosen population and analysed answers by Principal Component Analysis and Chi-Square. Individual responses were aggregated at the municipality level to assess the spatial distribution of bites. Results Nearly 60% of adults reported bites at low levels (1-5 bites); however, the majority were not in their resident municipality. We found two spatial profiles: In their home municipalities, people were most often bitten in less, but not the least, urbanized areas. When visiting other municipalities, people were most frequently bitten in peri-urban areas. Running/walking in the forest, gardening, and paddling/rowing were activities most strongly associated with bites. Conclusion Tick bites affect the entire Scandinavian population, with a higher risk in Sweden compared to Denmark and Norway. The frequency of observation of ticks in the environment or on pets might be used as a proxy for the actual risk of exposure to tick bites. Our results indicates that urban-dwelling outdoor enthusiasts and inhabitants of rural areas must be equally targeted for prevention campaigns.Solveig JoreSophie O. VanwambekeDaniel SlungeAnders BomanKaren A. KrogfeltMartin Tugwell JepsenLine VoldTaylor & Francis Grouparticleixodes ricinusticktick bitenorwayswedendenmarkInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInfection Ecology & Epidemiology, Vol 10, Iss 1 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ixodes ricinus tick tick bite norway sweden denmark Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	ixodes ricinus tick tick bite norway sweden denmark Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Solveig Jore Sophie O. Vanwambeke Daniel Slunge Anders Boman Karen A. Krogfelt Martin Tugwell Jepsen Line Vold Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
description	Tick-borne diseases are emerging and re-emerging threats causing public health concerns in Europe and North America. Prevention and control requires understanding of human exposure and behaviour. The aim was to measure exposure to tick bites across Scandinavia, its spatial distribution and the associated risk factors. Methods We sent a web-based survey to a randomly chosen population and analysed answers by Principal Component Analysis and Chi-Square. Individual responses were aggregated at the municipality level to assess the spatial distribution of bites. Results Nearly 60% of adults reported bites at low levels (1-5 bites); however, the majority were not in their resident municipality. We found two spatial profiles: In their home municipalities, people were most often bitten in less, but not the least, urbanized areas. When visiting other municipalities, people were most frequently bitten in peri-urban areas. Running/walking in the forest, gardening, and paddling/rowing were activities most strongly associated with bites. Conclusion Tick bites affect the entire Scandinavian population, with a higher risk in Sweden compared to Denmark and Norway. The frequency of observation of ticks in the environment or on pets might be used as a proxy for the actual risk of exposure to tick bites. Our results indicates that urban-dwelling outdoor enthusiasts and inhabitants of rural areas must be equally targeted for prevention campaigns.
format	article
author	Solveig Jore Sophie O. Vanwambeke Daniel Slunge Anders Boman Karen A. Krogfelt Martin Tugwell Jepsen Line Vold
author_facet	Solveig Jore Sophie O. Vanwambeke Daniel Slunge Anders Boman Karen A. Krogfelt Martin Tugwell Jepsen Line Vold
author_sort	Solveig Jore
title	Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
title_short	Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
title_full	Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
title_fullStr	Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
title_full_unstemmed	Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia
title_sort	spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in scandinavia
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/9ac4039b6ec84141a528a2e88f358dfd
work_keys_str_mv	AT solveigjore spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT sophieovanwambeke spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT danielslunge spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT andersboman spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT karenakrogfelt spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT martintugwelljepsen spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia AT linevold spatialtickbiteexposureandassociatedriskfactorsinscandinavia
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Spatial tick bite exposure and associated risk factors in Scandinavia

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