Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant

Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retain...

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Autores principales:	Pauliina Salmi, Kalle Ryymin, Anna K. Karjalainen, Anna Mikola, Emilia Uurasjärvi, Julia Talvitie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	enzymatic purification microplastics reject water return loop wastewater sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9afc0930602c438fab574a7bcee9a257
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:9afc0930602c438fab574a7bcee9a257
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9afc0930602c438fab574a7bcee9a2572021-11-06T11:11:42ZParticle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.209https://doaj.org/article/9afc0930602c438fab574a7bcee9a2572021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/1/89https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retained in wastewater sludge, sludge treatment processes have gained less attention in MP research than water streams at primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments. In this study, we sampled 12 different process steps in a tertiary-level municipal WWTP in central Finland. Our results showed that, compared to the plant influent load, three times more MPs circulated via reject water from the sludge centrifugation back to the beginning of the treatment process. Fibrous MPs were especially abundant in the dewatered sludge, whereas fragment-like MPs were observed in an aqueous stream. We concluded that, compared to the tertiary effluent, sludge treatment is the major exit route for MPs into the environment, but sludge treatment is also a return loop to the beginning of the process. Our sampling campaign also demonstrated that WWTPs with varying hydraulic conditions (such as the one studied here) benefit from disc filter-based tertiary treatments in MP removal. Highlights Dewatering by centrifugation was a step that removed a high number of MPs from the sludge.; Sludge retained especially the fibrous microplactics.; Reject water transported microplastics inside a wastewater treatment plant.; Disc filter-based tertiary treatment ensured removal of 99% of microplastics in wastewater.;Pauliina SalmiKalle RyyminAnna K. KarjalainenAnna MikolaEmilia UurasjärviJulia TalvitieIWA Publishingarticleenzymatic purificationmicroplasticsreject waterreturn loopwastewater sludgeEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 1, Pp 89-100 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	enzymatic purification microplastics reject water return loop wastewater sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	enzymatic purification microplastics reject water return loop wastewater sludge Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Pauliina Salmi Kalle Ryymin Anna K. Karjalainen Anna Mikola Emilia Uurasjärvi Julia Talvitie Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
description	Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retained in wastewater sludge, sludge treatment processes have gained less attention in MP research than water streams at primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments. In this study, we sampled 12 different process steps in a tertiary-level municipal WWTP in central Finland. Our results showed that, compared to the plant influent load, three times more MPs circulated via reject water from the sludge centrifugation back to the beginning of the treatment process. Fibrous MPs were especially abundant in the dewatered sludge, whereas fragment-like MPs were observed in an aqueous stream. We concluded that, compared to the tertiary effluent, sludge treatment is the major exit route for MPs into the environment, but sludge treatment is also a return loop to the beginning of the process. Our sampling campaign also demonstrated that WWTPs with varying hydraulic conditions (such as the one studied here) benefit from disc filter-based tertiary treatments in MP removal. Highlights Dewatering by centrifugation was a step that removed a high number of MPs from the sludge.; Sludge retained especially the fibrous microplactics.; Reject water transported microplastics inside a wastewater treatment plant.; Disc filter-based tertiary treatment ensured removal of 99% of microplastics in wastewater.;
format	article
author	Pauliina Salmi Kalle Ryymin Anna K. Karjalainen Anna Mikola Emilia Uurasjärvi Julia Talvitie
author_facet	Pauliina Salmi Kalle Ryymin Anna K. Karjalainen Anna Mikola Emilia Uurasjärvi Julia Talvitie
author_sort	Pauliina Salmi
title	Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
title_short	Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
title_full	Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
title_fullStr	Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
title_full_unstemmed	Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
title_sort	particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9afc0930602c438fab574a7bcee9a257
work_keys_str_mv	AT pauliinasalmi particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant AT kalleryymin particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant AT annakkarjalainen particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant AT annamikola particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant AT emiliauurasjarvi particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant AT juliatalvitie particlebalanceandreturnloopsformicroplasticsinatertiarylevelwastewatertreatmentplant
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Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant

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