Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has contributed to elucidating the ultrastructure of bio-specimens in three dimensions. SEM imagery detects several kinds of signals, of which secondary electrons (SEs) and backscattered electrons (BSEs) are the main electrons used in biological and biomedical rese...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Daisuke Koga, Satoshi Kusumi, Masahiro Shibata, Tsuyoshi Watanabe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	osmium maceration method section-face imaging semithin section SEM CLEM CLSEM serial section SEM Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9b1861472feb4e70beb27ea3eae1cf22
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:9b1861472feb4e70beb27ea3eae1cf22
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9b1861472feb4e70beb27ea3eae1cf222021-12-02T11:22:02ZApplications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure1662-512910.3389/fnana.2021.759804https://doaj.org/article/9b1861472feb4e70beb27ea3eae1cf222021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnana.2021.759804/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5129Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has contributed to elucidating the ultrastructure of bio-specimens in three dimensions. SEM imagery detects several kinds of signals, of which secondary electrons (SEs) and backscattered electrons (BSEs) are the main electrons used in biological and biomedical research. SE and BSE signals provide a three-dimensional (3D) surface topography and information on the composition of specimens, respectively. Among the various sample preparation techniques for SE-mode SEM, the osmium maceration method is the only approach for examining the subcellular structure that does not require any reconstruction processes. The 3D ultrastructure of organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum has been uncovered using high-resolution SEM of osmium-macerated tissues. Recent instrumental advances in scanning electron microscopes have broadened the applications of SEM for examining bio-specimens and enabled imaging of resin-embedded tissue blocks and sections using BSE-mode SEM under low-accelerating voltages; such techniques are fundamental to the 3D-SEM methods that are now known as focused ion-beam SEM, serial block-face SEM, and array tomography (i.e., serial section SEM). This technical breakthrough has allowed us to establish an innovative BSE imaging technique called section-face imaging to acquire ultrathin information from resin-embedded tissue sections. In contrast, serial section SEM is a modern 3D imaging technique for creating 3D surface rendering models of cells and organelles from tomographic BSE images of consecutive ultrathin sections embedded in resin. In this article, we introduce our related SEM techniques that use SE and BSE signals, such as the osmium maceration method, semithin section SEM (section-face imaging of resin-embedded semithin sections), section-face imaging for correlative light and SEM, and serial section SEM, to summarize their applications to neural structure and discuss the future possibilities and directions for these methods.Daisuke KogaSatoshi KusumiMasahiro ShibataTsuyoshi WatanabeFrontiers Media S.A.articleosmium maceration methodsection-face imagingsemithin section SEMCLEMCLSEMserial section SEMNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Human anatomyQM1-695ENFrontiers in Neuroanatomy, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	osmium maceration method section-face imaging semithin section SEM CLEM CLSEM serial section SEM Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695
spellingShingle	osmium maceration method section-face imaging semithin section SEM CLEM CLSEM serial section SEM Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Human anatomy QM1-695 Daisuke Koga Satoshi Kusumi Masahiro Shibata Tsuyoshi Watanabe Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
description	Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has contributed to elucidating the ultrastructure of bio-specimens in three dimensions. SEM imagery detects several kinds of signals, of which secondary electrons (SEs) and backscattered electrons (BSEs) are the main electrons used in biological and biomedical research. SE and BSE signals provide a three-dimensional (3D) surface topography and information on the composition of specimens, respectively. Among the various sample preparation techniques for SE-mode SEM, the osmium maceration method is the only approach for examining the subcellular structure that does not require any reconstruction processes. The 3D ultrastructure of organelles, such as the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum has been uncovered using high-resolution SEM of osmium-macerated tissues. Recent instrumental advances in scanning electron microscopes have broadened the applications of SEM for examining bio-specimens and enabled imaging of resin-embedded tissue blocks and sections using BSE-mode SEM under low-accelerating voltages; such techniques are fundamental to the 3D-SEM methods that are now known as focused ion-beam SEM, serial block-face SEM, and array tomography (i.e., serial section SEM). This technical breakthrough has allowed us to establish an innovative BSE imaging technique called section-face imaging to acquire ultrathin information from resin-embedded tissue sections. In contrast, serial section SEM is a modern 3D imaging technique for creating 3D surface rendering models of cells and organelles from tomographic BSE images of consecutive ultrathin sections embedded in resin. In this article, we introduce our related SEM techniques that use SE and BSE signals, such as the osmium maceration method, semithin section SEM (section-face imaging of resin-embedded semithin sections), section-face imaging for correlative light and SEM, and serial section SEM, to summarize their applications to neural structure and discuss the future possibilities and directions for these methods.
format	article
author	Daisuke Koga Satoshi Kusumi Masahiro Shibata Tsuyoshi Watanabe
author_facet	Daisuke Koga Satoshi Kusumi Masahiro Shibata Tsuyoshi Watanabe
author_sort	Daisuke Koga
title	Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
title_short	Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
title_full	Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
title_fullStr	Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
title_full_unstemmed	Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure
title_sort	applications of scanning electron microscopy using secondary and backscattered electron signals in neural structure
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9b1861472feb4e70beb27ea3eae1cf22
work_keys_str_mv	AT daisukekoga applicationsofscanningelectronmicroscopyusingsecondaryandbackscatteredelectronsignalsinneuralstructure AT satoshikusumi applicationsofscanningelectronmicroscopyusingsecondaryandbackscatteredelectronsignalsinneuralstructure AT masahiroshibata applicationsofscanningelectronmicroscopyusingsecondaryandbackscatteredelectronsignalsinneuralstructure AT tsuyoshiwatanabe applicationsofscanningelectronmicroscopyusingsecondaryandbackscatteredelectronsignalsinneuralstructure
_version_	1718395952770842624

Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy Using Secondary and Backscattered Electron Signals in Neural Structure

Ejemplares similares