Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera

Salt marsh evolution is strongly affected by tidal processes and ecology, which regulate sediment accretion and erosional rates. A balance between marsh erosion and deposition in a restored tidal wetland is crucial for analyzing restoration strategies to adopt in a natural context. Here, we present...

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Autores principales:	William Nardin, Yuri Taddia, Michela Quitadamo, Iacopo Vona, Corinne Corbau, Giulia Franchi, Lorie W. Staver, Alberto Pellegrinelli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	salt marsh restoration vegetation monitoring NDVI Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) aerial photogrammetry coastal morphodynamics Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9b4df5cad326483daf5b14a3be7e6e08
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9b4df5cad326483daf5b14a3be7e6e082021-11-11T18:50:02ZSeasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera10.3390/rs132142072072-4292https://doaj.org/article/9b4df5cad326483daf5b14a3be7e6e082021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4207https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Salt marsh evolution is strongly affected by tidal processes and ecology, which regulate sediment accretion and erosional rates. A balance between marsh erosion and deposition in a restored tidal wetland is crucial for analyzing restoration strategies to adopt in a natural context. Here, we present an integrated approach monitoring salt marsh seasonal changes over several months in a microtidal restored salt marsh of the Paul S. Sarbanes Ecosystem Restoration Project at Poplar Island (MD, USA). The project is undertaken at a restoration site where sediment dredged from the shipping channels in the upper Chesapeake Bay is being used to restore a tidal marsh habitat in mid-Chesapeake Bay. We flew an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with an RGB and a multispectral camera to obtain a high-resolution map of the planimetric position of vegetation and to monitor the health of the marsh vegetation in diverse seasons. Due to its extension of 400 m by 400 m, a total of four flight plans were necessary to cover the entire marsh flying at a 40 m altitude obtaining a 2 cm Ground Sample Distance (GSD). This technique provides reliable results at a very low cost, enabling an accurate assessment of the marsh platforms to be conducted over time, due to both the very high spatial resolution and the precise georeferencing of the images for the comparisons. Our results show seasonal variability in the two dominant species colonizing the low marsh, <i>Spartina alterniflora</i>, and high marsh, <i>Sporobolus pumilus</i>. While the lower marshes showed a higher variability along seasons, the up-land vegetation showed persistent green foliage during cold seasons. Detecting salt marsh evolution and seasonality coupled with field measurements can help to improve the accuracy of hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. Understanding the drivers of salt marsh evolution is vital for informing restoration practices and designs, in order to improve coastal resilience, and develop and coastal management strategies.William NardinYuri TaddiaMichela QuitadamoIacopo VonaCorinne CorbauGiulia FranchiLorie W. StaverAlberto PellegrinelliMDPI AGarticlesalt marsh restorationvegetation monitoringNDVIUnmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)aerial photogrammetrycoastal morphodynamicsScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4207, p 4207 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	salt marsh restoration vegetation monitoring NDVI Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) aerial photogrammetry coastal morphodynamics Science Q
spellingShingle	salt marsh restoration vegetation monitoring NDVI Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) aerial photogrammetry coastal morphodynamics Science Q William Nardin Yuri Taddia Michela Quitadamo Iacopo Vona Corinne Corbau Giulia Franchi Lorie W. Staver Alberto Pellegrinelli Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
description	Salt marsh evolution is strongly affected by tidal processes and ecology, which regulate sediment accretion and erosional rates. A balance between marsh erosion and deposition in a restored tidal wetland is crucial for analyzing restoration strategies to adopt in a natural context. Here, we present an integrated approach monitoring salt marsh seasonal changes over several months in a microtidal restored salt marsh of the Paul S. Sarbanes Ecosystem Restoration Project at Poplar Island (MD, USA). The project is undertaken at a restoration site where sediment dredged from the shipping channels in the upper Chesapeake Bay is being used to restore a tidal marsh habitat in mid-Chesapeake Bay. We flew an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with an RGB and a multispectral camera to obtain a high-resolution map of the planimetric position of vegetation and to monitor the health of the marsh vegetation in diverse seasons. Due to its extension of 400 m by 400 m, a total of four flight plans were necessary to cover the entire marsh flying at a 40 m altitude obtaining a 2 cm Ground Sample Distance (GSD). This technique provides reliable results at a very low cost, enabling an accurate assessment of the marsh platforms to be conducted over time, due to both the very high spatial resolution and the precise georeferencing of the images for the comparisons. Our results show seasonal variability in the two dominant species colonizing the low marsh, <i>Spartina alterniflora</i>, and high marsh, <i>Sporobolus pumilus</i>. While the lower marshes showed a higher variability along seasons, the up-land vegetation showed persistent green foliage during cold seasons. Detecting salt marsh evolution and seasonality coupled with field measurements can help to improve the accuracy of hydrodynamic and sediment transport models. Understanding the drivers of salt marsh evolution is vital for informing restoration practices and designs, in order to improve coastal resilience, and develop and coastal management strategies.
format	article
author	William Nardin Yuri Taddia Michela Quitadamo Iacopo Vona Corinne Corbau Giulia Franchi Lorie W. Staver Alberto Pellegrinelli
author_facet	William Nardin Yuri Taddia Michela Quitadamo Iacopo Vona Corinne Corbau Giulia Franchi Lorie W. Staver Alberto Pellegrinelli
author_sort	William Nardin
title	Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
title_short	Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
title_full	Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
title_fullStr	Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
title_full_unstemmed	Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera
title_sort	seasonality and characterization mapping of restored tidal marsh by ndvi imageries coupling uavs and multispectral camera
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9b4df5cad326483daf5b14a3be7e6e08
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Seasonality and Characterization Mapping of Restored Tidal Marsh by NDVI Imageries Coupling UAVs and Multispectral Camera

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