Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem as it is the third most prevalent and the second most lethal cancer worldwide. Major efforts are underway to understand its molecular pathways as well as to define the tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumour-specific antigens (TSAs) or n...

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Autores principales:	Cristina Aparicio, Marina Belver, Lucía Enríquez, Francisco Espeso, Lucía Núñez, Ana Sánchez, Miguel Ángel de la Fuente, Margarita González-Vallinas
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	colorectal cancer cell therapy chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) CAR-T cells immunotherapy tumour-associated antigen (TAA) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9b61e91756b841f19101fdcda1f20e32
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9b61e91756b841f19101fdcda1f20e322021-11-11T17:13:55ZCell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells10.3390/ijms2221117811422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/9b61e91756b841f19101fdcda1f20e322021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11781https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem as it is the third most prevalent and the second most lethal cancer worldwide. Major efforts are underway to understand its molecular pathways as well as to define the tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumour-specific antigens (TSAs) or neoantigens, in order to develop an effective treatment. Cell therapies are currently gaining importance, and more specifically chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, in which genetically modified T cells are redirected against the tumour antigen of interest. This immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising advances in cancer treatment, having successfully demonstrated its efficacy in haematological malignancies. However, in solid tumours, such as colon cancer, it is proving difficult to achieve the same results due to the shortage of TSAs, on-target off-tumour effects, low CAR-T cell infiltration and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address these challenges in CRC, new approaches are proposed, including combined therapies, the regional administration of CAR-T cells and more complex CAR structures, among others. This review comprehensively summarises the current landscape of CAR-T cell therapy in CRC from the potential tumour targets to the preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as the limitations and future perspectives of this novel antitumour strategy.Cristina AparicioMarina BelverLucía EnríquezFrancisco EspesoLucía NúñezAna SánchezMiguel Ángel de la FuenteMargarita González-VallinasMDPI AGarticlecolorectal cancercell therapychimeric antigen receptor (CAR)CAR-T cellsimmunotherapytumour-associated antigen (TAA)Biology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11781, p 11781 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	colorectal cancer cell therapy chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) CAR-T cells immunotherapy tumour-associated antigen (TAA) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	colorectal cancer cell therapy chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) CAR-T cells immunotherapy tumour-associated antigen (TAA) Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Cristina Aparicio Marina Belver Lucía Enríquez Francisco Espeso Lucía Núñez Ana Sánchez Miguel Ángel de la Fuente Margarita González-Vallinas Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
description	Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem as it is the third most prevalent and the second most lethal cancer worldwide. Major efforts are underway to understand its molecular pathways as well as to define the tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumour-specific antigens (TSAs) or neoantigens, in order to develop an effective treatment. Cell therapies are currently gaining importance, and more specifically chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, in which genetically modified T cells are redirected against the tumour antigen of interest. This immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most promising advances in cancer treatment, having successfully demonstrated its efficacy in haematological malignancies. However, in solid tumours, such as colon cancer, it is proving difficult to achieve the same results due to the shortage of TSAs, on-target off-tumour effects, low CAR-T cell infiltration and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. To address these challenges in CRC, new approaches are proposed, including combined therapies, the regional administration of CAR-T cells and more complex CAR structures, among others. This review comprehensively summarises the current landscape of CAR-T cell therapy in CRC from the potential tumour targets to the preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as the limitations and future perspectives of this novel antitumour strategy.
format	article
author	Cristina Aparicio Marina Belver Lucía Enríquez Francisco Espeso Lucía Núñez Ana Sánchez Miguel Ángel de la Fuente Margarita González-Vallinas
author_facet	Cristina Aparicio Marina Belver Lucía Enríquez Francisco Espeso Lucía Núñez Ana Sánchez Miguel Ángel de la Fuente Margarita González-Vallinas
author_sort	Cristina Aparicio
title	Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
title_short	Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
title_full	Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
title_fullStr	Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells
title_sort	cell therapy for colorectal cancer: the promise of chimeric antigen receptor (car)-t cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9b61e91756b841f19101fdcda1f20e32
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Cell Therapy for Colorectal Cancer: The Promise of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cells

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