Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units

An integrated membrane distillation (MD) flowsheet, consisting of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) units, was proposed and analysed in terms of thermal performance and water recovery factor, for the first time. The same lab-scale membrane module (40...

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Autor principal:	Alessandra Criscuoli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	thermal performance water recovery factor direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) integrated MD units Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9b9acee1d4ae4ac1a470daca6fad7c40
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9b9acee1d4ae4ac1a470daca6fad7c402021-11-11T16:07:16ZThermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units10.3390/en142174051996-1073https://doaj.org/article/9b9acee1d4ae4ac1a470daca6fad7c402021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/7405https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073An integrated membrane distillation (MD) flowsheet, consisting of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) units, was proposed and analysed in terms of thermal performance and water recovery factor, for the first time. The same lab-scale membrane module (40 cm<sup>2</sup>) was used for carrying out experiments of DCMD and VMD at fixed feed operating conditions (deionised water at 230 L/h and ~40 °C) while working at the permeate side with deionised water at 18 °C and with a vacuum of 20 mbar for the DCMD and the VMD configuration, respectively. Based on experimental data obtained on the single modules, calculations of the permeate production, the specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) and the gained output ratio (GOR) were carried out for both single and integrated units. Moreover, the calculations were also made for a flow sheet consisting of two DCMD units in series, representing the “traditional” way in which more units of the same MD configuration are combined to enhance the water recovery factor. A significant improvement of the thermal performance (lower STEC and higher GOR) was obtained with the integrated DCMD–VMD flowsheet with respect to the DCMD units operating in series. The integration of DCMD with VMD also led to a higher permeate production and productivity/size (PS) ratio, a metric defined to compare plants in terms of the process intensification strategy.Alessandra CriscuoliMDPI AGarticlethermal performancewater recovery factordirect contact membrane distillation (DCMD)vacuum membrane distillation (VMD)integrated MD unitsTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 7405, p 7405 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	thermal performance water recovery factor direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) integrated MD units Technology T
spellingShingle	thermal performance water recovery factor direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) integrated MD units Technology T Alessandra Criscuoli Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
description	An integrated membrane distillation (MD) flowsheet, consisting of direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) and vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) units, was proposed and analysed in terms of thermal performance and water recovery factor, for the first time. The same lab-scale membrane module (40 cm<sup>2</sup>) was used for carrying out experiments of DCMD and VMD at fixed feed operating conditions (deionised water at 230 L/h and ~40 °C) while working at the permeate side with deionised water at 18 °C and with a vacuum of 20 mbar for the DCMD and the VMD configuration, respectively. Based on experimental data obtained on the single modules, calculations of the permeate production, the specific thermal energy consumption (STEC) and the gained output ratio (GOR) were carried out for both single and integrated units. Moreover, the calculations were also made for a flow sheet consisting of two DCMD units in series, representing the “traditional” way in which more units of the same MD configuration are combined to enhance the water recovery factor. A significant improvement of the thermal performance (lower STEC and higher GOR) was obtained with the integrated DCMD–VMD flowsheet with respect to the DCMD units operating in series. The integration of DCMD with VMD also led to a higher permeate production and productivity/size (PS) ratio, a metric defined to compare plants in terms of the process intensification strategy.
format	article
author	Alessandra Criscuoli
author_facet	Alessandra Criscuoli
author_sort	Alessandra Criscuoli
title	Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
title_short	Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
title_full	Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
title_fullStr	Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
title_full_unstemmed	Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units
title_sort	thermal performance of integrated direct contact and vacuum membrane distillation units
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9b9acee1d4ae4ac1a470daca6fad7c40
work_keys_str_mv	AT alessandracriscuoli thermalperformanceofintegrateddirectcontactandvacuummembranedistillationunits
_version_	1718432429634486272

Thermal Performance of Integrated Direct Contact and Vacuum Membrane Distillation Units

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