Cohesin Mutations Induce Chromatin Conformation Perturbation of the <i>H19</i>/<i>IGF2</i> Imprinted Region and Gene Expression Dysregulation in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Cell Lines

Cohesin Mutations Induce Chromatin Conformation Perturbation of the <i>H19</i>/<i>IGF2</i> Imprinted Region and Gene Expression Dysregulation in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Cell Lines

Traditionally, Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is considered a cohesinopathy caused by constitutive mutations in cohesin complex genes. Cohesin is a major regulator of chromatin architecture, including the formation of chromatin loops at the imprinted <i>IGF2</i>/<i>H19</i>...

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Autores principales: Silvana Pileggi, Marta La Vecchia, Elisa Adele Colombo, Laura Fontana, Patrizia Colapietro, Davide Rovina, Annamaria Morotti, Silvia Tabano, Giovanni Porta, Myriam Alcalay, Cristina Gervasini, Monica Miozzo, Silvia Maria Sirchia
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
cohesin
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome
3D chromatin conformation
IGF2/H19 domain
WNT pathway
imprinted genes
Microbiology
QR1-502
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/9be0c72452a44827a476fce44f08dd98
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Sumario:Traditionally, Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is considered a cohesinopathy caused by constitutive mutations in cohesin complex genes. Cohesin is a major regulator of chromatin architecture, including the formation of chromatin loops at the imprinted <i>IGF2</i>/<i>H19</i> domain. We used 3C analysis on lymphoblastoid cells from CdLS patients carrying mutations in <i>NIPBL</i> and <i>SMC1A</i> genes to explore 3D chromatin structure of the <i>IGF2</i>/<i>H19</i> <i>locus</i> and evaluate the influence of cohesin alterations in chromatin architecture. We also assessed quantitative expression of imprinted <i>loci</i> and WNT pathway genes, together with DMR methylation status of the imprinted genes. A general impairment of chromatin architecture and the emergence of new interactions were found. Moreover, imprinting alterations also involved the expression and methylation levels of imprinted genes, suggesting an association among cohesin genetic defects, chromatin architecture impairment, and imprinting network alteration. The WNT pathway resulted dysregulated: canonical WNT, cell cycle, and WNT signal negative regulation were the most significantly affected subpathways. Among the deregulated pathway nodes, the key node of the frizzled receptors was repressed. Our study provides new evidence that mutations in genes of the cohesin complex have effects on the chromatin architecture and epigenetic stability of genes commonly regulated by high order chromatin structure.

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