Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?

Janis Rebecca Bedarf,1 Sied Kebir,1,2 Joan Philipp Michelis,1,3 Bettina Wabbels,4 Sebastian Paus1 1Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 2Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; 3Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, S...

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Autores principales:	Bedarf JR, Kebir S, Michelis JP, Wabbels B, Paus S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	Botulinum neurotoxin blepharospasm depression facial feedback Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9c05ba2272844816bdcb92a4d75b91fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9c05ba2272844816bdcb92a4d75b91fd2021-12-02T06:48:26ZDepression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/9c05ba2272844816bdcb92a4d75b91fd2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/depression-in-blepharospasm-a-question-of-facial-feedback-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Janis Rebecca Bedarf,1 Sied Kebir,1,2 Joan Philipp Michelis,1,3 Bettina Wabbels,4 Sebastian Paus1 1Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 2Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; 3Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Abstract: Depression is the most important nonmotor symptom in blepharospasm (BL). As facial expression influences emotional perception, summarized as the facial feedback hypothesis, we investigated if patients report fewer depressive symptoms if injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) include the “grief muscles” of the glabellar region, compared to treatment of orbicularis oculi muscles alone. Ninety BL patients were included, half of whom had BoNT treatment including the frown lines. While treatment pattern did not predict depressive symptoms overall, subgroup analysis revealed that in male BL patients, BoNT injections into the frown lines were associated with remarkably less depressive symptoms. We hypothesize that in BL patients presenting with dystonia of the eyebrow region, BoNT therapy should include frown line application whenever justified, to optimize nonmotor effects of BoNT denervation. Keywords: botulinum neurotoxin, blepharospasm, depression, facial feedback, frown lines, grief musclesBedarf JRKebir SMichelis JPWabbels BPaus SDove Medical PressarticleBotulinum neurotoxinblepharospasmdepressionfacial feedbackNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 13, Pp 1861-1865 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Botulinum neurotoxin blepharospasm depression facial feedback Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Botulinum neurotoxin blepharospasm depression facial feedback Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Bedarf JR Kebir S Michelis JP Wabbels B Paus S Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
description	Janis Rebecca Bedarf,1 Sied Kebir,1,2 Joan Philipp Michelis,1,3 Bettina Wabbels,4 Sebastian Paus1 1Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 2Department of Neurology, University of Essen, Essen, Germany; 3Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Abstract: Depression is the most important nonmotor symptom in blepharospasm (BL). As facial expression influences emotional perception, summarized as the facial feedback hypothesis, we investigated if patients report fewer depressive symptoms if injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) include the “grief muscles” of the glabellar region, compared to treatment of orbicularis oculi muscles alone. Ninety BL patients were included, half of whom had BoNT treatment including the frown lines. While treatment pattern did not predict depressive symptoms overall, subgroup analysis revealed that in male BL patients, BoNT injections into the frown lines were associated with remarkably less depressive symptoms. We hypothesize that in BL patients presenting with dystonia of the eyebrow region, BoNT therapy should include frown line application whenever justified, to optimize nonmotor effects of BoNT denervation. Keywords: botulinum neurotoxin, blepharospasm, depression, facial feedback, frown lines, grief muscles
format	article
author	Bedarf JR Kebir S Michelis JP Wabbels B Paus S
author_facet	Bedarf JR Kebir S Michelis JP Wabbels B Paus S
author_sort	Bedarf JR
title	Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
title_short	Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
title_full	Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
title_fullStr	Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
title_full_unstemmed	Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
title_sort	depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/9c05ba2272844816bdcb92a4d75b91fd
work_keys_str_mv	AT bedarfjr depressioninblepharospasmaquestionoffacialfeedback AT kebirs depressioninblepharospasmaquestionoffacialfeedback AT michelisjp depressioninblepharospasmaquestionoffacialfeedback AT wabbelsb depressioninblepharospasmaquestionoffacialfeedback AT pauss depressioninblepharospasmaquestionoffacialfeedback
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Depression in blepharospasm: a question of facial feedback?

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