Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age

This paper examines the age at retirement for men and women in Italy. Despite the expansion of women’s educational attainments, they still display lower employment rates, are frequently engaged in involuntary part-time jobs and have more fragmented careers. As a consequence, the mean age at which wo...

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Autores principales: Nicola De Luigi, Roberto Rizza, Federica Santangelo
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/9c155f5e5f9049b5a5ea6cd389db6029
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:9c155f5e5f9049b5a5ea6cd389db60292021-11-15T06:08:11ZWomen and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age2297-777510.3389/fsoc.2021.707591https://doaj.org/article/9c155f5e5f9049b5a5ea6cd389db60292021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2021.707591/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-7775This paper examines the age at retirement for men and women in Italy. Despite the expansion of women’s educational attainments, they still display lower employment rates, are frequently engaged in involuntary part-time jobs and have more fragmented careers. As a consequence, the mean age at which women receive a pension is higher than that of men. Using Labour Force Survey (2006 and 2012), the authors test the hypothesis that women’s higher age at retirement is determined by a selection bias towards more educated and work oriented women. A Heckman selection model has been developed. Results show that the main disadvantage is suffered by women with medium and low levels of education who show the highest estimated age at retirement, whereas higher educated women retire on average before men with the same level of education. The authors argue that pension policies, without interventions in the field of work-life balance policies, end up penalizing women with lower levels of education.Nicola De LuigiRoberto RizzaFederica SantangeloFrontiers Media S.A.articleage at retirementheckman modelgender inequalitieseducational levelspension policiesEU-labour force surveySociology (General)HM401-1281ENFrontiers in Sociology, Vol 6 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic age at retirement
heckman model
gender inequalities
educational levels
pension policies
EU-labour force survey
Sociology (General)
HM401-1281
spellingShingle age at retirement
heckman model
gender inequalities
educational levels
pension policies
EU-labour force survey
Sociology (General)
HM401-1281
Nicola De Luigi
Roberto Rizza
Federica Santangelo
Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
description This paper examines the age at retirement for men and women in Italy. Despite the expansion of women’s educational attainments, they still display lower employment rates, are frequently engaged in involuntary part-time jobs and have more fragmented careers. As a consequence, the mean age at which women receive a pension is higher than that of men. Using Labour Force Survey (2006 and 2012), the authors test the hypothesis that women’s higher age at retirement is determined by a selection bias towards more educated and work oriented women. A Heckman selection model has been developed. Results show that the main disadvantage is suffered by women with medium and low levels of education who show the highest estimated age at retirement, whereas higher educated women retire on average before men with the same level of education. The authors argue that pension policies, without interventions in the field of work-life balance policies, end up penalizing women with lower levels of education.
format article
author Nicola De Luigi
Roberto Rizza
Federica Santangelo
author_facet Nicola De Luigi
Roberto Rizza
Federica Santangelo
author_sort Nicola De Luigi
title Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
title_short Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
title_full Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
title_fullStr Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
title_full_unstemmed Women and Pensions in Italy: Gender Imbalances and the Equalization of Retirement Age
title_sort women and pensions in italy: gender imbalances and the equalization of retirement age
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/9c155f5e5f9049b5a5ea6cd389db6029
work_keys_str_mv AT nicoladeluigi womenandpensionsinitalygenderimbalancesandtheequalizationofretirementage
AT robertorizza womenandpensionsinitalygenderimbalancesandtheequalizationofretirementage
AT federicasantangelo womenandpensionsinitalygenderimbalancesandtheequalizationofretirementage
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