High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.

An outbreak of Plasmodium malariae occurred in Sonsogon Paliu village in the remote area of Ulu Bengkoka sub-district of Kota Marudu, Northern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo from July through August 2019. This was the first outbreak of malaria in this village since 2014. On 11th July 2019 the Kota Kinabalu...

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Autores principales:	Nurul Athirah Naserrudin, Emira Izzati Abdul Aziz, Erdie Aljet, George Mangunji, Bumpei Tojo, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Richard Culleton, Kamruddin Ahmed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9c1eeab26513462589a785aa9942b5be
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9c1eeab26513462589a785aa9942b5be2021-11-25T06:31:48ZHigh incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009450https://doaj.org/article/9c1eeab26513462589a785aa9942b5be2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009450https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735An outbreak of Plasmodium malariae occurred in Sonsogon Paliu village in the remote area of Ulu Bengkoka sub-district of Kota Marudu, Northern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo from July through August 2019. This was the first outbreak of malaria in this village since 2014. On 11th July 2019 the Kota Kinabalu Public Health Laboratory notified the Kota Marudu District Health Office of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) positive case of P. malariae. This index case was a male from Sulawesi, Indonesia working for a logging company operating in Sonsogon Paliu. During the resulting outbreak, a total of 14 symptomatic cases were detected. All of these cases were positive by thick and thin blood smear examination, and also by PCR. During the outbreak, a mass blood survey screening was performed by light-microscopy and PCR. A total of 94 asymptomatic villagers 31 (33.0%) were PCR positive but thick and thin blood smear negative for P. malariae. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases received treatment at the district hospital. When symptomatic and asymptomatic cases were considered together, males (29/45. 64.5%) were infected more than females (16/45, 35.6%), the male:female ratio being 1.8:1. Adults were the predominant age group infected (22/45, 48.9%) followed by adolescents (19/45, 42.2%) and children under five years of age (4/45, 8.9%). This report illustrates that symptomatic and submicroscopic cases pose a challenge during P. malariae outbreaks and that PCR is a valuable tool for their identification. The rapid identification and control of imported malaria is crucial for the continued control of malaria in Malaysia.Nurul Athirah NaserrudinEmira Izzati Abdul AzizErdie AljetGeorge MangunjiBumpei TojoMohammad Saffree JeffreeRichard CulletonKamruddin AhmedPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 6, p e0009450 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Nurul Athirah Naserrudin Emira Izzati Abdul Aziz Erdie Aljet George Mangunji Bumpei Tojo Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Richard Culleton Kamruddin Ahmed High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
description	An outbreak of Plasmodium malariae occurred in Sonsogon Paliu village in the remote area of Ulu Bengkoka sub-district of Kota Marudu, Northern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo from July through August 2019. This was the first outbreak of malaria in this village since 2014. On 11th July 2019 the Kota Kinabalu Public Health Laboratory notified the Kota Marudu District Health Office of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) positive case of P. malariae. This index case was a male from Sulawesi, Indonesia working for a logging company operating in Sonsogon Paliu. During the resulting outbreak, a total of 14 symptomatic cases were detected. All of these cases were positive by thick and thin blood smear examination, and also by PCR. During the outbreak, a mass blood survey screening was performed by light-microscopy and PCR. A total of 94 asymptomatic villagers 31 (33.0%) were PCR positive but thick and thin blood smear negative for P. malariae. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases received treatment at the district hospital. When symptomatic and asymptomatic cases were considered together, males (29/45. 64.5%) were infected more than females (16/45, 35.6%), the male:female ratio being 1.8:1. Adults were the predominant age group infected (22/45, 48.9%) followed by adolescents (19/45, 42.2%) and children under five years of age (4/45, 8.9%). This report illustrates that symptomatic and submicroscopic cases pose a challenge during P. malariae outbreaks and that PCR is a valuable tool for their identification. The rapid identification and control of imported malaria is crucial for the continued control of malaria in Malaysia.
format	article
author	Nurul Athirah Naserrudin Emira Izzati Abdul Aziz Erdie Aljet George Mangunji Bumpei Tojo Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Richard Culleton Kamruddin Ahmed
author_facet	Nurul Athirah Naserrudin Emira Izzati Abdul Aziz Erdie Aljet George Mangunji Bumpei Tojo Mohammad Saffree Jeffree Richard Culleton Kamruddin Ahmed
author_sort	Nurul Athirah Naserrudin
title	High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
title_short	High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
title_full	High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
title_fullStr	High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
title_full_unstemmed	High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.
title_sort	high incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of plasmodium malariae in a remote village of malaysian borneo.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9c1eeab26513462589a785aa9942b5be
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High incidence of asymptomatic cases during an outbreak of Plasmodium malariae in a remote village of Malaysian Borneo.

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