Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity

Manpreet Sambi,1 Sabah Haq,1 Vanessa Samuel,1 Bessi Qorri,1 Fiona Haxho,1 Kelli Hill,1,2 William Harless,2 Myron R Szewczuk1 1Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; 2ENCYT Technologies, Inc., Membertou, NS, Canada Abstract: One of the prima...

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Autores principales:	Sambi M, Haq S, Samuel V, Qorri B, Haxho F, Hill K, Harless W, Szewczuk MR
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	breast cancer alternative therapy drug resistance cancer stem cells Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9c66ac32327646b98385043e1115b2f5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9c66ac32327646b98385043e1115b2f52021-12-02T05:07:24ZAlternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity1179-1314https://doaj.org/article/9c66ac32327646b98385043e1115b2f52017-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/alternative-therapies-for-metastatic-breast-cancer-multimodal-approach-peer-reviewed-article-BCTThttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1314Manpreet Sambi,1 Sabah Haq,1 Vanessa Samuel,1 Bessi Qorri,1 Fiona Haxho,1 Kelli Hill,1,2 William Harless,2 Myron R Szewczuk1 1Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; 2ENCYT Technologies, Inc., Membertou, NS, Canada Abstract: One of the primary challenges in developing effective therapies for malignant tumors is the specific targeting of a heterogeneous cancer cell population within the tumor. The cancerous tumor is made up of a variety of distinct cells with specialized receptors and proteins that could potentially be viable targets for drugs. In addition, the diverse signals from the local microenvironment may also contribute to the induction of tumor growth and metastasis. Collectively, these factors must be strategically studied and targeted in order to develop an effective treatment protocol. Targeted multimodal approaches need to be strategically studied in order to develop a treatment protocol that is successful in controlling tumor growth and preventing metastatic burden. Breast cancer, in particular, presents a unique problem because of the variety of subtypes of cancer that can arise and the multiple drug targets that could be exploited. For example, the tumor stage and subtypes often dictate the appropriate treatment regimen. Alternate multimodal therapies should consider the importance of time-dependent drug administration, as well as targeting the local and systemic tumor environment. Many reviews and papers have briefly touched on the clinical implications of this cellular heterogeneity; however, there has been very little discussion on the development of study models that reflect this diversity and on multimodal therapies that could target these subpopulations. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the origins of intratumoral heterogeneity in breast cancer subtypes, and its implications for tumor progression, metastatic potential, and treatment regimens. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing specific breast cancer models for research, including in vitro monolayer systems and three-dimensional mammospheres, as well as in vivo murine models that may have the capacity to encompass this heterogeneity. Lastly, we summarize some of the current advancements in the development of multitarget therapeutics that have shown promising results in clinical and preclinical studies when used alone or in combination with traditional regimens of surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Keywords: breast cancer, alternative therapy, drug resistance, cancer stem cells Sambi MHaq SSamuel VQorri BHaxho FHill KHarless WSzewczuk MRDove Medical Pressarticlebreast canceralternative therapydrug resistancecancer stem cellsNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENBreast Cancer: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 9, Pp 85-93 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	breast cancer alternative therapy drug resistance cancer stem cells Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	breast cancer alternative therapy drug resistance cancer stem cells Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Sambi M Haq S Samuel V Qorri B Haxho F Hill K Harless W Szewczuk MR Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
description	Manpreet Sambi,1 Sabah Haq,1 Vanessa Samuel,1 Bessi Qorri,1 Fiona Haxho,1 Kelli Hill,1,2 William Harless,2 Myron R Szewczuk1 1Department of Biomedical and Medical Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; 2ENCYT Technologies, Inc., Membertou, NS, Canada Abstract: One of the primary challenges in developing effective therapies for malignant tumors is the specific targeting of a heterogeneous cancer cell population within the tumor. The cancerous tumor is made up of a variety of distinct cells with specialized receptors and proteins that could potentially be viable targets for drugs. In addition, the diverse signals from the local microenvironment may also contribute to the induction of tumor growth and metastasis. Collectively, these factors must be strategically studied and targeted in order to develop an effective treatment protocol. Targeted multimodal approaches need to be strategically studied in order to develop a treatment protocol that is successful in controlling tumor growth and preventing metastatic burden. Breast cancer, in particular, presents a unique problem because of the variety of subtypes of cancer that can arise and the multiple drug targets that could be exploited. For example, the tumor stage and subtypes often dictate the appropriate treatment regimen. Alternate multimodal therapies should consider the importance of time-dependent drug administration, as well as targeting the local and systemic tumor environment. Many reviews and papers have briefly touched on the clinical implications of this cellular heterogeneity; however, there has been very little discussion on the development of study models that reflect this diversity and on multimodal therapies that could target these subpopulations. Here, we summarize the current understanding of the origins of intratumoral heterogeneity in breast cancer subtypes, and its implications for tumor progression, metastatic potential, and treatment regimens. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing specific breast cancer models for research, including in vitro monolayer systems and three-dimensional mammospheres, as well as in vivo murine models that may have the capacity to encompass this heterogeneity. Lastly, we summarize some of the current advancements in the development of multitarget therapeutics that have shown promising results in clinical and preclinical studies when used alone or in combination with traditional regimens of surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Keywords: breast cancer, alternative therapy, drug resistance, cancer stem cells
format	article
author	Sambi M Haq S Samuel V Qorri B Haxho F Hill K Harless W Szewczuk MR
author_facet	Sambi M Haq S Samuel V Qorri B Haxho F Hill K Harless W Szewczuk MR
author_sort	Sambi M
title	Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
title_short	Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
title_full	Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
title_fullStr	Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
title_full_unstemmed	Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
title_sort	alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/9c66ac32327646b98385043e1115b2f5
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_version_	1718400608730349568

Alternative therapies for metastatic breast cancer: multimodal approach targeting tumor cell heterogeneity

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