Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems

This study examines the invariance properties of the thermodynamic entropy production in its global (integral), local (differential), bilinear, and macroscopic formulations, including dimensional scaling, invariance to fixed displacements, rotations or reflections of the coordinates, time antisymmet...

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Autor principal:	Robert K. Niven
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	entropy production invariance properties Lie symmetries inertial frames of reference negentropy shear flow systems Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9c9c1fd2a8334d15bbd9d226a47b007a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9c9c1fd2a8334d15bbd9d226a47b007a2021-11-25T17:30:25ZInvariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems10.3390/e231115151099-4300https://doaj.org/article/9c9c1fd2a8334d15bbd9d226a47b007a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/11/1515https://doaj.org/toc/1099-4300This study examines the invariance properties of the thermodynamic entropy production in its global (integral), local (differential), bilinear, and macroscopic formulations, including dimensional scaling, invariance to fixed displacements, rotations or reflections of the coordinates, time antisymmetry, Galilean invariance, and Lie point symmetry. The Lie invariance is shown to be the most general, encompassing the other invariances. In a shear-flow system involving fluid flow relative to a solid boundary at steady state, the Galilean invariance property is then shown to preference a unique pair of inertial frames of reference—here termed an <i>entropic pair</i>—respectively moving with the solid or the mean fluid flow. This challenges the Newtonian viewpoint that all inertial frames of reference are equivalent. Furthermore, the existence of a shear flow subsystem with an entropic pair different to that of the surrounding system, or a subsystem with one or more changing entropic pair(s), requires a source of negentropy—a power source scaled by an absolute temperature—to drive the subsystem. Through the analysis of different shear flow subsystems, we present a series of governing principles to describe their entropic pairing properties and sources of negentropy. These are unaffected by Galilean transformations, and so can be understood to “lie above” the Galilean inertial framework of Newtonian mechanics. The analyses provide a new perspective into the field of <i>entropic mechanics</i>, the study of the relative motions of objects with friction.Robert K. NivenMDPI AGarticleentropy productioninvariance propertiesLie symmetriesinertial frames of referencenegentropyshear flow systemsScienceQAstrophysicsQB460-466PhysicsQC1-999ENEntropy, Vol 23, Iss 1515, p 1515 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	entropy production invariance properties Lie symmetries inertial frames of reference negentropy shear flow systems Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	entropy production invariance properties Lie symmetries inertial frames of reference negentropy shear flow systems Science Q Astrophysics QB460-466 Physics QC1-999 Robert K. Niven Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
description	This study examines the invariance properties of the thermodynamic entropy production in its global (integral), local (differential), bilinear, and macroscopic formulations, including dimensional scaling, invariance to fixed displacements, rotations or reflections of the coordinates, time antisymmetry, Galilean invariance, and Lie point symmetry. The Lie invariance is shown to be the most general, encompassing the other invariances. In a shear-flow system involving fluid flow relative to a solid boundary at steady state, the Galilean invariance property is then shown to preference a unique pair of inertial frames of reference—here termed an <i>entropic pair</i>—respectively moving with the solid or the mean fluid flow. This challenges the Newtonian viewpoint that all inertial frames of reference are equivalent. Furthermore, the existence of a shear flow subsystem with an entropic pair different to that of the surrounding system, or a subsystem with one or more changing entropic pair(s), requires a source of negentropy—a power source scaled by an absolute temperature—to drive the subsystem. Through the analysis of different shear flow subsystems, we present a series of governing principles to describe their entropic pairing properties and sources of negentropy. These are unaffected by Galilean transformations, and so can be understood to “lie above” the Galilean inertial framework of Newtonian mechanics. The analyses provide a new perspective into the field of <i>entropic mechanics</i>, the study of the relative motions of objects with friction.
format	article
author	Robert K. Niven
author_facet	Robert K. Niven
author_sort	Robert K. Niven
title	Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
title_short	Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
title_full	Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
title_fullStr	Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
title_full_unstemmed	Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems
title_sort	invariance properties of the entropy production, and the entropic pairing of inertial frames of reference by shear-flow systems
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9c9c1fd2a8334d15bbd9d226a47b007a
work_keys_str_mv	AT robertkniven invariancepropertiesoftheentropyproductionandtheentropicpairingofinertialframesofreferencebyshearflowsystems
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Invariance Properties of the Entropy Production, and the Entropic Pairing of Inertial Frames of Reference by Shear-Flow Systems

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