Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia

This article reports on the potential use of a photovoltaic solar system on Mantanani Island. This island has its attractions in terms of flora and fauna as well as the uniqueness of its local community. The electricity supply status of the island is minimal, and the local electricity provider only...

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Autores principales:	Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid, Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud, Abu Bakar Abd Rahman, Zuhair Jamain, Adnan Ibrahim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	photovoltaic system solar potential off-grid solar tropical island solar irradiation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9cc055d62ebf4d6bab2cb0644e6314ee
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9cc055d62ebf4d6bab2cb0644e6314ee2021-11-25T19:01:00ZInvestigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia10.3390/su1322124322071-1050https://doaj.org/article/9cc055d62ebf4d6bab2cb0644e6314ee2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12432https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050This article reports on the potential use of a photovoltaic solar system on Mantanani Island. This island has its attractions in terms of flora and fauna as well as the uniqueness of its local community. The electricity supply status of the island is minimal, and the local electricity provider only provides two units of electrical generator that only supply energy from 18:00 to 06:00. This study is motivated by the hypothesis that if the target resident can obtain a better electricity supply, they can generate higher income and improve their standard of living. This study aims to identify the status of solar energy sources, estimate the basic electrical load, and conduct a techno-economic analysis of homestay enterprises of residents. Geostationary satellite data on solar energy resources were gathered and analyzed using Solargis. The electricity load was calculated based on the daily routine activities of the residents and usage of primary electrical appliances. Techno-economic analysis was done by determining the key parameters to calculate the return on investment and payback period. The results showed that Mantanani Island had great potential for implementing a photovoltaic system, by the estimated value of the total annual solar energy and peak sun hour of 1.447 MWh/m<sup>2</sup>/y and 4.05 h, respectively. The variation in total monthly solar energy was minimal, with a range of only 61.3 Wh/m<sup>2</sup>. The calculated electrical load was 7.454 kWh/d. The technoeconomic assessment showed that the return on investment was MYR 3600 per year. However, the value of the payback period varies according to the value of the cost of capital spent. Regarding the cost of capital of this study, the shortest and longest payback periods achievable were 2.78 and 13.89 years, respectively. This calculation is in line with a photovoltaic system with a capacity of 2.2 kWp.Ag Sufiyan Abd HamidMohamad Zul Hilmey MakmudAbu Bakar Abd RahmanZuhair JamainAdnan IbrahimMDPI AGarticlephotovoltaic systemsolar potentialoff-grid solartropical islandsolar irradiationEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12432, p 12432 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	photovoltaic system solar potential off-grid solar tropical island solar irradiation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	photovoltaic system solar potential off-grid solar tropical island solar irradiation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud Abu Bakar Abd Rahman Zuhair Jamain Adnan Ibrahim Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
description	This article reports on the potential use of a photovoltaic solar system on Mantanani Island. This island has its attractions in terms of flora and fauna as well as the uniqueness of its local community. The electricity supply status of the island is minimal, and the local electricity provider only provides two units of electrical generator that only supply energy from 18:00 to 06:00. This study is motivated by the hypothesis that if the target resident can obtain a better electricity supply, they can generate higher income and improve their standard of living. This study aims to identify the status of solar energy sources, estimate the basic electrical load, and conduct a techno-economic analysis of homestay enterprises of residents. Geostationary satellite data on solar energy resources were gathered and analyzed using Solargis. The electricity load was calculated based on the daily routine activities of the residents and usage of primary electrical appliances. Techno-economic analysis was done by determining the key parameters to calculate the return on investment and payback period. The results showed that Mantanani Island had great potential for implementing a photovoltaic system, by the estimated value of the total annual solar energy and peak sun hour of 1.447 MWh/m<sup>2</sup>/y and 4.05 h, respectively. The variation in total monthly solar energy was minimal, with a range of only 61.3 Wh/m<sup>2</sup>. The calculated electrical load was 7.454 kWh/d. The technoeconomic assessment showed that the return on investment was MYR 3600 per year. However, the value of the payback period varies according to the value of the cost of capital spent. Regarding the cost of capital of this study, the shortest and longest payback periods achievable were 2.78 and 13.89 years, respectively. This calculation is in line with a photovoltaic system with a capacity of 2.2 kWp.
format	article
author	Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud Abu Bakar Abd Rahman Zuhair Jamain Adnan Ibrahim
author_facet	Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud Abu Bakar Abd Rahman Zuhair Jamain Adnan Ibrahim
author_sort	Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid
title	Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
title_short	Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
title_full	Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
title_fullStr	Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia
title_sort	investigation of potential of solar photovoltaic system as an alternative electric supply on the tropical island of mantanani sabah malaysia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9cc055d62ebf4d6bab2cb0644e6314ee
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Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia

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