Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes

Abstract Emerging water purification applications often require tunable and ion-selective technologies. For example, when treating water for direct use in irrigation, often monovalent Na+ must be removed preferentially over divalent minerals, such as Ca2+, to reduce both ionic conductivity and sodiu...

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Autores principales:	Eric N. Guyes, Amit N. Shocron, Yinke Chen, Charles E. Diesendruck, Matthew E. Suss
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9cef4956338f4223b2c5b252b0bdfff2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9cef4956338f4223b2c5b252b0bdfff22021-12-02T13:24:13ZLong-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes10.1038/s41545-021-00109-22059-7037https://doaj.org/article/9cef4956338f4223b2c5b252b0bdfff22021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-021-00109-2https://doaj.org/toc/2059-7037Abstract Emerging water purification applications often require tunable and ion-selective technologies. For example, when treating water for direct use in irrigation, often monovalent Na+ must be removed preferentially over divalent minerals, such as Ca2+, to reduce both ionic conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). Conventional membrane-based water treatment technologies are either largely non-selective or not dynamically tunable. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging membraneless technology that employs inexpensive and widely available activated carbon electrodes as the active element. We here show that a CDI cell leveraging sulfonated cathodes can deliver long-lasting, tunable monovalent ion selectivity. For feedwaters containing Na+ and Ca2+, our cell achieves a Na+/Ca2+ separation factor of up to 1.6. To demonstrate the cell longevity, we show that monovalent selectivity is retained over 1000 charge–discharge cycles, the highest cycle life achieved for a membraneless CDI cell with porous carbon electrodes to our knowledge, while requiring an energy consumption of ~0.38 kWh/m3 of treated water. Furthermore, we show substantial and simultaneous reductions of ionic conductivity and SAR, such as from 1.75 to 0.69 mS/cm and 19.8 to 13.3, respectively, demonstrating the potential of such a system towards single-step water treatment of brackish and wastewaters for direct use in irrigation.Eric N. GuyesAmit N. ShocronYinke ChenCharles E. DiesendruckMatthew E. SussNature PortfolioarticleWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENnpj Clean Water, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Eric N. Guyes Amit N. Shocron Yinke Chen Charles E. Diesendruck Matthew E. Suss Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
description	Abstract Emerging water purification applications often require tunable and ion-selective technologies. For example, when treating water for direct use in irrigation, often monovalent Na+ must be removed preferentially over divalent minerals, such as Ca2+, to reduce both ionic conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). Conventional membrane-based water treatment technologies are either largely non-selective or not dynamically tunable. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging membraneless technology that employs inexpensive and widely available activated carbon electrodes as the active element. We here show that a CDI cell leveraging sulfonated cathodes can deliver long-lasting, tunable monovalent ion selectivity. For feedwaters containing Na+ and Ca2+, our cell achieves a Na+/Ca2+ separation factor of up to 1.6. To demonstrate the cell longevity, we show that monovalent selectivity is retained over 1000 charge–discharge cycles, the highest cycle life achieved for a membraneless CDI cell with porous carbon electrodes to our knowledge, while requiring an energy consumption of ~0.38 kWh/m3 of treated water. Furthermore, we show substantial and simultaneous reductions of ionic conductivity and SAR, such as from 1.75 to 0.69 mS/cm and 19.8 to 13.3, respectively, demonstrating the potential of such a system towards single-step water treatment of brackish and wastewaters for direct use in irrigation.
format	article
author	Eric N. Guyes Amit N. Shocron Yinke Chen Charles E. Diesendruck Matthew E. Suss
author_facet	Eric N. Guyes Amit N. Shocron Yinke Chen Charles E. Diesendruck Matthew E. Suss
author_sort	Eric N. Guyes
title	Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
title_short	Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
title_full	Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
title_fullStr	Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
title_full_unstemmed	Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
title_sort	long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9cef4956338f4223b2c5b252b0bdfff2
work_keys_str_mv	AT ericnguyes longlastingmonovalentselectivecapacitivedeionizationelectrodes AT amitnshocron longlastingmonovalentselectivecapacitivedeionizationelectrodes AT yinkechen longlastingmonovalentselectivecapacitivedeionizationelectrodes AT charlesediesendruck longlastingmonovalentselectivecapacitivedeionizationelectrodes AT matthewesuss longlastingmonovalentselectivecapacitivedeionizationelectrodes
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Long-lasting, monovalent-selective capacitive deionization electrodes

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