Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.

Encounters with strangers bear potential for social conflict and stress, but also allow the formation of alliances. First impressions of other people play a critical role in the formation of alliances, since they provide a learned base to infer the other's future social attitude. Stress can fac...

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Autores principales:	Johanna Lass-Hennemann, Linn K Kuehl, André Schulz, Melly S Oitzl, Hartmut Schachinger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d19c945d7c74f3aa3dfae86e17c293b
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:9d19c945d7c74f3aa3dfae86e17c293b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d19c945d7c74f3aa3dfae86e17c293b2021-11-18T06:59:50ZStress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0016389https://doaj.org/article/9d19c945d7c74f3aa3dfae86e17c293b2011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21298099/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Encounters with strangers bear potential for social conflict and stress, but also allow the formation of alliances. First impressions of other people play a critical role in the formation of alliances, since they provide a learned base to infer the other's future social attitude. Stress can facilitate emotional memories but it is unknown whether stress strengthens our memory for newly acquired impressions of other people's personality traits. To answer this question, we subjected 60 students (37 females, 23 males) to an impression-formation task, viewing portraits together with brief positive vs. negative behavior descriptions, followed by a 3-min cold pressor stress test or a non-stressful control procedure. The next day, novel and old portraits were paired with single trait adjectives, the old portraits with a trait adjective matching the previous day's behavior description. After a filler task, portraits were presented again and subjects were asked to recall the trait adjective. Cued recall was higher for old (previously implied) than the novel portraits' trait adjectives, indicating validity of the applied test procedures. Overall, recall rate of implied trait adjectives did not differ between the stress and the control group. However, while the control group showed a better memory performance for others' implied negative personality traits, the stress group showed enhanced recall for others' implied positive personality traits. This result indicates that post-learning stress affects consolidation of first impressions in a valence-specific manner. We propose that the stress-induced strengthening of memory of others' positive traits forms an important cue for the formation of alliances in stressful conditions.Johanna Lass-HennemannLinn K KuehlAndré SchulzMelly S OitzlHartmut SchachingerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 1, p e16389 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Johanna Lass-Hennemann Linn K Kuehl André Schulz Melly S Oitzl Hartmut Schachinger Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
description	Encounters with strangers bear potential for social conflict and stress, but also allow the formation of alliances. First impressions of other people play a critical role in the formation of alliances, since they provide a learned base to infer the other's future social attitude. Stress can facilitate emotional memories but it is unknown whether stress strengthens our memory for newly acquired impressions of other people's personality traits. To answer this question, we subjected 60 students (37 females, 23 males) to an impression-formation task, viewing portraits together with brief positive vs. negative behavior descriptions, followed by a 3-min cold pressor stress test or a non-stressful control procedure. The next day, novel and old portraits were paired with single trait adjectives, the old portraits with a trait adjective matching the previous day's behavior description. After a filler task, portraits were presented again and subjects were asked to recall the trait adjective. Cued recall was higher for old (previously implied) than the novel portraits' trait adjectives, indicating validity of the applied test procedures. Overall, recall rate of implied trait adjectives did not differ between the stress and the control group. However, while the control group showed a better memory performance for others' implied negative personality traits, the stress group showed enhanced recall for others' implied positive personality traits. This result indicates that post-learning stress affects consolidation of first impressions in a valence-specific manner. We propose that the stress-induced strengthening of memory of others' positive traits forms an important cue for the formation of alliances in stressful conditions.
format	article
author	Johanna Lass-Hennemann Linn K Kuehl André Schulz Melly S Oitzl Hartmut Schachinger
author_facet	Johanna Lass-Hennemann Linn K Kuehl André Schulz Melly S Oitzl Hartmut Schachinger
author_sort	Johanna Lass-Hennemann
title	Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
title_short	Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
title_full	Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
title_fullStr	Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
title_full_unstemmed	Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
title_sort	stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d19c945d7c74f3aa3dfae86e17c293b
work_keys_str_mv	AT johannalasshennemann stressstrengthensmemoryoffirstimpressionsofotherspositivepersonalitytraits AT linnkkuehl stressstrengthensmemoryoffirstimpressionsofotherspositivepersonalitytraits AT andreschulz stressstrengthensmemoryoffirstimpressionsofotherspositivepersonalitytraits AT mellysoitzl stressstrengthensmemoryoffirstimpressionsofotherspositivepersonalitytraits AT hartmutschachinger stressstrengthensmemoryoffirstimpressionsofotherspositivepersonalitytraits
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Stress strengthens memory of first impressions of others' positive personality traits.

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