Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos

Abstract Arboreal habitats are characterized by a complex three-dimensional array of branches that vary in numerous characteristics, including incline, compliance, roughness, and diameter. Gaps must often be crossed, and this is frequently accomplished by leaping. Geckos bearing an adhesive system o...

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Autores principales:	Timothy E. Higham, Mara N. S. Hofmann, Michelle Modert, Marc Thielen, Thomas Speck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d2270a9a9fd414e93e69ba56ddb8bc9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d2270a9a9fd414e93e69ba56ddb8bc92021-12-05T12:15:49ZJumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos10.1038/s41598-021-02033-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9d2270a9a9fd414e93e69ba56ddb8bc92021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02033-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Arboreal habitats are characterized by a complex three-dimensional array of branches that vary in numerous characteristics, including incline, compliance, roughness, and diameter. Gaps must often be crossed, and this is frequently accomplished by leaping. Geckos bearing an adhesive system often jump in arboreal habitats, although few studies have examined their jumping biomechanics. We investigated the biomechanics of landing on smooth surfaces in crested geckos, Correlophus ciliatus, asking whether the incline of the landing platform alters impact forces and mid-air body movements. Using high-speed videography, we examined jumps from a horizontal take-off platform to horizontal, 45° and 90° landing platforms. Take-off velocity was greatest when geckos were jumping to a horizontal platform. Geckos did not modulate their body orientation in the air. Body curvature during landing, and landing duration, were greatest on the vertical platform. Together, these significantly reduced the impact force on the vertical platform. When landing on a smooth vertical surface, the geckos must engage the adhesive system to prevent slipping and falling. In contrast, landing on a horizontal surface requires no adhesion, but incurs high impact forces. Despite a lack of mid-air modulation, geckos appear robust to changing landing conditions.Timothy E. HighamMara N. S. HofmannMichelle ModertMarc ThielenThomas SpeckNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Timothy E. Higham Mara N. S. Hofmann Michelle Modert Marc Thielen Thomas Speck Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
description	Abstract Arboreal habitats are characterized by a complex three-dimensional array of branches that vary in numerous characteristics, including incline, compliance, roughness, and diameter. Gaps must often be crossed, and this is frequently accomplished by leaping. Geckos bearing an adhesive system often jump in arboreal habitats, although few studies have examined their jumping biomechanics. We investigated the biomechanics of landing on smooth surfaces in crested geckos, Correlophus ciliatus, asking whether the incline of the landing platform alters impact forces and mid-air body movements. Using high-speed videography, we examined jumps from a horizontal take-off platform to horizontal, 45° and 90° landing platforms. Take-off velocity was greatest when geckos were jumping to a horizontal platform. Geckos did not modulate their body orientation in the air. Body curvature during landing, and landing duration, were greatest on the vertical platform. Together, these significantly reduced the impact force on the vertical platform. When landing on a smooth vertical surface, the geckos must engage the adhesive system to prevent slipping and falling. In contrast, landing on a horizontal surface requires no adhesion, but incurs high impact forces. Despite a lack of mid-air modulation, geckos appear robust to changing landing conditions.
format	article
author	Timothy E. Higham Mara N. S. Hofmann Michelle Modert Marc Thielen Thomas Speck
author_facet	Timothy E. Higham Mara N. S. Hofmann Michelle Modert Marc Thielen Thomas Speck
author_sort	Timothy E. Higham
title	Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
title_short	Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
title_full	Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
title_fullStr	Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
title_full_unstemmed	Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
title_sort	jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d2270a9a9fd414e93e69ba56ddb8bc9
work_keys_str_mv	AT timothyehigham jumpingwithadhesionlandingsurfaceinclinealtersimpactforceandbodykinematicsincrestedgeckos AT maranshofmann jumpingwithadhesionlandingsurfaceinclinealtersimpactforceandbodykinematicsincrestedgeckos AT michellemodert jumpingwithadhesionlandingsurfaceinclinealtersimpactforceandbodykinematicsincrestedgeckos AT marcthielen jumpingwithadhesionlandingsurfaceinclinealtersimpactforceandbodykinematicsincrestedgeckos AT thomasspeck jumpingwithadhesionlandingsurfaceinclinealtersimpactforceandbodykinematicsincrestedgeckos
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Jumping with adhesion: landing surface incline alters impact force and body kinematics in crested geckos

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