Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions

Why this research Matters Plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs) give a mechanistic understanding on how soil properties established by previous plant species go on to influence the performance of the same or different species in monoculture, intercropping or crop rotation systems. We hypothesized that differe...

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Autores principales:	Knowledge Mushonga, Joachim M. Steyn, Wijnand J. Swart, Jacquie E. van derWaals
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2020
Materias:	crop rotation monoculture plant performance soil conditioning soil legacies Environmental sciences GE1-350 Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d3fe58a9e2b43f3b566bea0cd085687
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d3fe58a9e2b43f3b566bea0cd0856872021-11-14T13:45:24ZPlant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions2575-626510.1002/pei3.10035https://doaj.org/article/9d3fe58a9e2b43f3b566bea0cd0856872020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/pei3.10035https://doaj.org/toc/2575-6265Why this research Matters Plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs) give a mechanistic understanding on how soil properties established by previous plant species go on to influence the performance of the same or different species in monoculture, intercropping or crop rotation systems. We hypothesized that different dryland crops such as Zea mays L., Helianthus annuus L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., and Glycine max L. (Merr.) will have soil legacies that are related to the crop type. We used a two‐phase experiment to test plant performance in soils previously cultivated with the same or different plant species under greenhouse conditions. The positive plant growth for all species in their own soil microbiota suggests that mutualists had a greater impact on plant performance than pathogens. The consistent positive soil–feedback results of P. vulgaris were strongly associated with their own beneficial soil microbiota, meaning that the conditioning phase legacy of mutualists and decomposers were more significant than pathogens under monoculture. Despite successful nodulation in sterilized and inoculated soils, G. max unexpectedly showed neutral and insignificant positive plant feedbacks, respectively. Helianthus annuus was superior to other crop species in creating active carbon stocks and an enzymatically active soil for the next crop. Microbial biomass results suggest that raising fungal relative to bacterial biomass can be achieved by increasing the frequency of H. annuus in rotation sequences. However, more studies are necessary to evaluate whether these elevated ratios promote or depress plant performance under field conditions. This study showed that relative to other dryland crops, H. annuus seems to have the potential of increasing fungal to bacterial ratios, raising legacies in active carbon stocks and soil microbial activity that may be crucial to successional planting in dryland systems.Knowledge MushongaJoachim M. SteynWijnand J. SwartJacquie E. van derWaalsWileyarticlecrop rotationmonocultureplant performancesoil conditioningsoil legaciesEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350BotanyQK1-989ENPlant-Environment Interactions, Vol 1, Iss 3, Pp 181-195 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	crop rotation monoculture plant performance soil conditioning soil legacies Environmental sciences GE1-350 Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	crop rotation monoculture plant performance soil conditioning soil legacies Environmental sciences GE1-350 Botany QK1-989 Knowledge Mushonga Joachim M. Steyn Wijnand J. Swart Jacquie E. van derWaals Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
description	Why this research Matters Plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs) give a mechanistic understanding on how soil properties established by previous plant species go on to influence the performance of the same or different species in monoculture, intercropping or crop rotation systems. We hypothesized that different dryland crops such as Zea mays L., Helianthus annuus L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., and Glycine max L. (Merr.) will have soil legacies that are related to the crop type. We used a two‐phase experiment to test plant performance in soils previously cultivated with the same or different plant species under greenhouse conditions. The positive plant growth for all species in their own soil microbiota suggests that mutualists had a greater impact on plant performance than pathogens. The consistent positive soil–feedback results of P. vulgaris were strongly associated with their own beneficial soil microbiota, meaning that the conditioning phase legacy of mutualists and decomposers were more significant than pathogens under monoculture. Despite successful nodulation in sterilized and inoculated soils, G. max unexpectedly showed neutral and insignificant positive plant feedbacks, respectively. Helianthus annuus was superior to other crop species in creating active carbon stocks and an enzymatically active soil for the next crop. Microbial biomass results suggest that raising fungal relative to bacterial biomass can be achieved by increasing the frequency of H. annuus in rotation sequences. However, more studies are necessary to evaluate whether these elevated ratios promote or depress plant performance under field conditions. This study showed that relative to other dryland crops, H. annuus seems to have the potential of increasing fungal to bacterial ratios, raising legacies in active carbon stocks and soil microbial activity that may be crucial to successional planting in dryland systems.
format	article
author	Knowledge Mushonga Joachim M. Steyn Wijnand J. Swart Jacquie E. van derWaals
author_facet	Knowledge Mushonga Joachim M. Steyn Wijnand J. Swart Jacquie E. van derWaals
author_sort	Knowledge Mushonga
title	Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
title_short	Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
title_full	Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
title_fullStr	Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
title_full_unstemmed	Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
title_sort	plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d3fe58a9e2b43f3b566bea0cd085687
work_keys_str_mv	AT knowledgemushonga plantsoilfeedbackresponsesoffourdrylandcropspeciesundergreenhouseconditions AT joachimmsteyn plantsoilfeedbackresponsesoffourdrylandcropspeciesundergreenhouseconditions AT wijnandjswart plantsoilfeedbackresponsesoffourdrylandcropspeciesundergreenhouseconditions AT jacquieevanderwaals plantsoilfeedbackresponsesoffourdrylandcropspeciesundergreenhouseconditions
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Plant–soil feedback responses of four dryland crop species under greenhouse conditions

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