Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water

The feasibility of fluoride adsorption from aqueous solutions using naturally available bentonite clay in both modified and unmodified forms is investigated in this report. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectros...

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Autores principales:	Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido, Arun Kumar, Beteley Tekola, Beshah Mogessie, Esayas Alemayehu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	adsorbent characterization drinking water fluoride adsorption low-cost material Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d5905113f2843bcbf4e2f03a9e77018
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d5905113f2843bcbf4e2f03a9e770182021-12-02T07:40:08ZEvaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water0273-12231996-973210.2166/wst.2021.220https://doaj.org/article/9d5905113f2843bcbf4e2f03a9e770182021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wst.iwaponline.com/content/84/10-11/2661https://doaj.org/toc/0273-1223https://doaj.org/toc/1996-9732The feasibility of fluoride adsorption from aqueous solutions using naturally available bentonite clay in both modified and unmodified forms is investigated in this report. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis was applied to describe the structure and nature of modified and unmodified bentonite clay. The physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent were also investigated for moisture content, pH, apparent density, specific surface area, cation exchange capacity and its point-of-zero charge. SEM images reveal particles are dispersed homogeneously and are irregular in shape. XRD and EDX analyses reveal that the bentonite is composed of seven materials: calcite, silica, alumina, hematite, bornite and green cinnabar, and chloride which are considered as impurities. Raw bentonite clays have shown very low fluoride removal efficiency (47.19%). Modification of the clay surface with HCl and aluminum oxide, on the other hand, increased fluoride removal efficiency to 79.77% and 94.38%, respectively. At 5 mg/L initial fluoride concentration, 10 cm bed depth packed dose of adsorbent, and 180 min breakthrough time, a 2.88 mg/g of fluoride removal capacity was observed. As a result, aluminum oxide modified bentonite clay was chosen for further investigation and the results are not presented here. HIGHLIGHTS Clay minerals adsorption experimentation for low fluoride concentrations (5, 10, and 12 mg/L) was successful.; Most of the experimentation done so far are in batches using clay-based minerals and leads to shorter reaction times and thus are not at equilibrium.; Column experimentation using clay minerals was difficult, but this study used the clay as a filter media through surface modification of the adsorbent.;Adane Woldemedhin KalsidoArun KumarBeteley TekolaBeshah MogessieEsayas AlemayehuIWA Publishingarticleadsorbent characterizationdrinking waterfluoride adsorptionlow-cost materialEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Science and Technology, Vol 84, Iss 10-11, Pp 2661-2674 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adsorbent characterization drinking water fluoride adsorption low-cost material Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	adsorbent characterization drinking water fluoride adsorption low-cost material Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido Arun Kumar Beteley Tekola Beshah Mogessie Esayas Alemayehu Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
description	The feasibility of fluoride adsorption from aqueous solutions using naturally available bentonite clay in both modified and unmodified forms is investigated in this report. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis was applied to describe the structure and nature of modified and unmodified bentonite clay. The physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbent were also investigated for moisture content, pH, apparent density, specific surface area, cation exchange capacity and its point-of-zero charge. SEM images reveal particles are dispersed homogeneously and are irregular in shape. XRD and EDX analyses reveal that the bentonite is composed of seven materials: calcite, silica, alumina, hematite, bornite and green cinnabar, and chloride which are considered as impurities. Raw bentonite clays have shown very low fluoride removal efficiency (47.19%). Modification of the clay surface with HCl and aluminum oxide, on the other hand, increased fluoride removal efficiency to 79.77% and 94.38%, respectively. At 5 mg/L initial fluoride concentration, 10 cm bed depth packed dose of adsorbent, and 180 min breakthrough time, a 2.88 mg/g of fluoride removal capacity was observed. As a result, aluminum oxide modified bentonite clay was chosen for further investigation and the results are not presented here. HIGHLIGHTS Clay minerals adsorption experimentation for low fluoride concentrations (5, 10, and 12 mg/L) was successful.; Most of the experimentation done so far are in batches using clay-based minerals and leads to shorter reaction times and thus are not at equilibrium.; Column experimentation using clay minerals was difficult, but this study used the clay as a filter media through surface modification of the adsorbent.;
format	article
author	Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido Arun Kumar Beteley Tekola Beshah Mogessie Esayas Alemayehu
author_facet	Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido Arun Kumar Beteley Tekola Beshah Mogessie Esayas Alemayehu
author_sort	Adane Woldemedhin Kalsido
title	Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
title_short	Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
title_full	Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
title_fullStr	Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
title_sort	evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d5905113f2843bcbf4e2f03a9e77018
work_keys_str_mv	AT adanewoldemedhinkalsido evaluationofbentoniteclayinmodifiedandunmodifiedformstoremovefluoridefromwater AT arunkumar evaluationofbentoniteclayinmodifiedandunmodifiedformstoremovefluoridefromwater AT beteleytekola evaluationofbentoniteclayinmodifiedandunmodifiedformstoremovefluoridefromwater AT beshahmogessie evaluationofbentoniteclayinmodifiedandunmodifiedformstoremovefluoridefromwater AT esayasalemayehu evaluationofbentoniteclayinmodifiedandunmodifiedformstoremovefluoridefromwater
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Evaluation of bentonite clay in modified and unmodified forms to remove fluoride from water

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