Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior

Abstract Our senses provide us with a rich experience of a detailed visual world, yet the empirical results seem to suggest severe limitations on our ability to perceive and remember. In recent attempts to reconcile the contradiction between what is experienced and what can be reported, it has been...

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Autores principales:	Sabrina Hansmann-Roth, Árni Kristjánsson, David Whitney, Andrey Chetverikov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d6e2f0c4e5c4cca9e614b59f9d4d2f5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d6e2f0c4e5c4cca9e614b59f9d4d2f52021-12-02T12:11:34ZDissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior10.1038/s41598-021-83358-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9d6e2f0c4e5c4cca9e614b59f9d4d2f52021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83358-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Our senses provide us with a rich experience of a detailed visual world, yet the empirical results seem to suggest severe limitations on our ability to perceive and remember. In recent attempts to reconcile the contradiction between what is experienced and what can be reported, it has been argued that the visual world is condensed to a set of summary statistics, explaining both the rich experience and the sparse reports. Here, we show that explicit reports of summary statistics underestimate the richness of ensemble perception. Our observers searched for an odd-one-out target among heterogeneous distractors and their representation of distractor characteristics was tested explicitly or implicitly. Observers could explicitly distinguish distractor sets with different mean and variance, but not differently-shaped probability distributions. In contrast, the implicit assessment revealed that the visual system encodes the mean, the variance, and even the shape of feature distributions. Furthermore, explicit measures had common noise sources that distinguished them from implicit measures. This suggests that explicit judgments of stimulus ensembles underestimate the richness of visual representations. We conclude that feature distributions are encoded in rich detail and can guide behavior implicitly, even when the information available for explicit summary judgments is coarse and limited.Sabrina Hansmann-RothÁrni KristjánssonDavid WhitneyAndrey ChetverikovNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sabrina Hansmann-Roth Árni Kristjánsson David Whitney Andrey Chetverikov Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
description	Abstract Our senses provide us with a rich experience of a detailed visual world, yet the empirical results seem to suggest severe limitations on our ability to perceive and remember. In recent attempts to reconcile the contradiction between what is experienced and what can be reported, it has been argued that the visual world is condensed to a set of summary statistics, explaining both the rich experience and the sparse reports. Here, we show that explicit reports of summary statistics underestimate the richness of ensemble perception. Our observers searched for an odd-one-out target among heterogeneous distractors and their representation of distractor characteristics was tested explicitly or implicitly. Observers could explicitly distinguish distractor sets with different mean and variance, but not differently-shaped probability distributions. In contrast, the implicit assessment revealed that the visual system encodes the mean, the variance, and even the shape of feature distributions. Furthermore, explicit measures had common noise sources that distinguished them from implicit measures. This suggests that explicit judgments of stimulus ensembles underestimate the richness of visual representations. We conclude that feature distributions are encoded in rich detail and can guide behavior implicitly, even when the information available for explicit summary judgments is coarse and limited.
format	article
author	Sabrina Hansmann-Roth Árni Kristjánsson David Whitney Andrey Chetverikov
author_facet	Sabrina Hansmann-Roth Árni Kristjánsson David Whitney Andrey Chetverikov
author_sort	Sabrina Hansmann-Roth
title	Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
title_short	Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
title_full	Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
title_fullStr	Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
title_full_unstemmed	Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
title_sort	dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d6e2f0c4e5c4cca9e614b59f9d4d2f5
work_keys_str_mv	AT sabrinahansmannroth dissociatingimplicitandexplicitensemblerepresentationsrevealsthelimitsofvisualperceptionandtherichnessofbehavior AT arnikristjansson dissociatingimplicitandexplicitensemblerepresentationsrevealsthelimitsofvisualperceptionandtherichnessofbehavior AT davidwhitney dissociatingimplicitandexplicitensemblerepresentationsrevealsthelimitsofvisualperceptionandtherichnessofbehavior AT andreychetverikov dissociatingimplicitandexplicitensemblerepresentationsrevealsthelimitsofvisualperceptionandtherichnessofbehavior
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Dissociating implicit and explicit ensemble representations reveals the limits of visual perception and the richness of behavior

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