In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells

Papaverine (PPV) is an alkaloid isolated from the <i>Papaver somniferum</i>. Research has shown that PPV inhibits proliferation. However, several questions remain regarding the effects of PPV in tumorigenic cells. In this study, the influence of PPV was investigated on the proliferation...

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Autores principales:	Daniella A. Gomes, Anna M. Joubert, Michelle H. Visagie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	papaverine cancer morphology proliferation cell cycle Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d71d17766b247219e6daacb71be525e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d71d17766b247219e6daacb71be525e2021-11-11T18:24:50ZIn Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells10.3390/molecules262163881420-3049https://doaj.org/article/9d71d17766b247219e6daacb71be525e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6388https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Papaverine (PPV) is an alkaloid isolated from the <i>Papaver somniferum</i>. Research has shown that PPV inhibits proliferation. However, several questions remain regarding the effects of PPV in tumorigenic cells. In this study, the influence of PPV was investigated on the proliferation (spectrophotometry), morphology (light microscopy), oxidative stress (fluorescent microscopy), and cell cycle progression (flow cytometry) in MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cell lines. Exposure to 150 μM PPV resulted in time- and dose-dependent antiproliferative activity with reduced cell growth to 56%, 53%, and 64% in the MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cell lines, respectively. Light microscopy revealed that PPV exposure increased cellular protrusions in MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells to 34% and 23%. Hydrogen peroxide production increased to 1.04-, 1.02-, and 1.44-fold in PPV-treated MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cells, respectively, compared to cells propagated in growth medium. Furthermore, exposure to PPV resulted in an increase of cells in the sub-G<sub>1</sub> phase by 46% and endoreduplication by 10% compared to cells propagated in growth medium that presented with 2.8% cells in the sub-G<sub>1</sub> phase and less than 1% in endoreduplication. The results of this study contribute to understanding of effects of PPV on cancer cell lines.Daniella A. GomesAnna M. JoubertMichelle H. VisagieMDPI AGarticlepapaverinecancermorphologyproliferationcell cycleOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6388, p 6388 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	papaverine cancer morphology proliferation cell cycle Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	papaverine cancer morphology proliferation cell cycle Organic chemistry QD241-441 Daniella A. Gomes Anna M. Joubert Michelle H. Visagie In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
description	Papaverine (PPV) is an alkaloid isolated from the <i>Papaver somniferum</i>. Research has shown that PPV inhibits proliferation. However, several questions remain regarding the effects of PPV in tumorigenic cells. In this study, the influence of PPV was investigated on the proliferation (spectrophotometry), morphology (light microscopy), oxidative stress (fluorescent microscopy), and cell cycle progression (flow cytometry) in MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cell lines. Exposure to 150 μM PPV resulted in time- and dose-dependent antiproliferative activity with reduced cell growth to 56%, 53%, and 64% in the MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cell lines, respectively. Light microscopy revealed that PPV exposure increased cellular protrusions in MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells to 34% and 23%. Hydrogen peroxide production increased to 1.04-, 1.02-, and 1.44-fold in PPV-treated MDA-MB-231, A549, and DU145 cells, respectively, compared to cells propagated in growth medium. Furthermore, exposure to PPV resulted in an increase of cells in the sub-G<sub>1</sub> phase by 46% and endoreduplication by 10% compared to cells propagated in growth medium that presented with 2.8% cells in the sub-G<sub>1</sub> phase and less than 1% in endoreduplication. The results of this study contribute to understanding of effects of PPV on cancer cell lines.
format	article
author	Daniella A. Gomes Anna M. Joubert Michelle H. Visagie
author_facet	Daniella A. Gomes Anna M. Joubert Michelle H. Visagie
author_sort	Daniella A. Gomes
title	In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
title_short	In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
title_full	In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
title_fullStr	In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
title_full_unstemmed	In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells
title_sort	in vitro effects of papaverine on cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species, and cell cycle progression in cancer cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d71d17766b247219e6daacb71be525e
work_keys_str_mv	AT daniellaagomes invitroeffectsofpapaverineoncellproliferationreactiveoxygenspeciesandcellcycleprogressionincancercells AT annamjoubert invitroeffectsofpapaverineoncellproliferationreactiveoxygenspeciesandcellcycleprogressionincancercells AT michellehvisagie invitroeffectsofpapaverineoncellproliferationreactiveoxygenspeciesandcellcycleprogressionincancercells
_version_	1718431839909052416

In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Proliferation, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cell Cycle Progression in Cancer Cells

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