The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.

Decision making can be regarded as the outcome of cognitive processes leading to the selection of a course of action among several alternatives. Borrowing a central measurement from information theory, Shannon entropy, we quantified the uncertainties produced by decisions of participants within an e...

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Autores principales:	Joaquín Goñi, Maite Aznárez-Sanado, Gonzalo Arrondo, María Fernández-Seara, Francis R Loayza, Franz H Heukamp, María A Pastor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9d79ec1c49e041d6b53b6ad010307a53
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9d79ec1c49e041d6b53b6ad010307a532021-11-18T06:57:32ZThe neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017408https://doaj.org/article/9d79ec1c49e041d6b53b6ad010307a532011-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21408065/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Decision making can be regarded as the outcome of cognitive processes leading to the selection of a course of action among several alternatives. Borrowing a central measurement from information theory, Shannon entropy, we quantified the uncertainties produced by decisions of participants within an economic decision task under different configurations of reward probability and time. These descriptors were used to obtain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal correlates of uncertainty and two clusters codifying the Shannon entropy of task configurations were identified: a large cluster including parts of the right middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and left and right pre-supplementary motor areas (pre-SMA) and a small cluster at the left anterior thalamus. Subsequent functional connectivity analyses using the psycho-physiological interactions model identified areas involved in the functional integration of uncertainty. Results indicate that clusters mostly located at frontal and temporal cortices experienced an increased connectivity with the right MCC and left and right pre-SMA as the uncertainty was higher. Furthermore, pre-SMA was also functionally connected to a rich set of areas, most of them associative areas located at occipital and parietal lobes. This study provides a map of the human brain segregation and integration (i.e., neural substrate and functional connectivity respectively) of the uncertainty associated to an economic decision making paradigm.Joaquín GoñiMaite Aznárez-SanadoGonzalo ArrondoMaría Fernández-SearaFrancis R LoayzaFranz H HeukampMaría A PastorPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e17408 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joaquín Goñi Maite Aznárez-Sanado Gonzalo Arrondo María Fernández-Seara Francis R Loayza Franz H Heukamp María A Pastor The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
description	Decision making can be regarded as the outcome of cognitive processes leading to the selection of a course of action among several alternatives. Borrowing a central measurement from information theory, Shannon entropy, we quantified the uncertainties produced by decisions of participants within an economic decision task under different configurations of reward probability and time. These descriptors were used to obtain blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal correlates of uncertainty and two clusters codifying the Shannon entropy of task configurations were identified: a large cluster including parts of the right middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and left and right pre-supplementary motor areas (pre-SMA) and a small cluster at the left anterior thalamus. Subsequent functional connectivity analyses using the psycho-physiological interactions model identified areas involved in the functional integration of uncertainty. Results indicate that clusters mostly located at frontal and temporal cortices experienced an increased connectivity with the right MCC and left and right pre-SMA as the uncertainty was higher. Furthermore, pre-SMA was also functionally connected to a rich set of areas, most of them associative areas located at occipital and parietal lobes. This study provides a map of the human brain segregation and integration (i.e., neural substrate and functional connectivity respectively) of the uncertainty associated to an economic decision making paradigm.
format	article
author	Joaquín Goñi Maite Aznárez-Sanado Gonzalo Arrondo María Fernández-Seara Francis R Loayza Franz H Heukamp María A Pastor
author_facet	Joaquín Goñi Maite Aznárez-Sanado Gonzalo Arrondo María Fernández-Seara Francis R Loayza Franz H Heukamp María A Pastor
author_sort	Joaquín Goñi
title	The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
title_short	The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
title_full	The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
title_fullStr	The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
title_full_unstemmed	The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
title_sort	neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/9d79ec1c49e041d6b53b6ad010307a53
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The neural substrate and functional integration of uncertainty in decision making: an information theory approach.

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