Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat

Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat

The influence of silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on coexpression of other <i>TaCKX</i> gene family members (GFMs), phytohormone regulation and yield-related traits was tested in awned-spike cultivar. We documented a strong feedback mechanism of regulation...

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Autores principales: Bartosz Jablonski, Andrzej Bajguz, Joanna Bocian, Waclaw Orczyk, Anna Nadolska-Orczyk
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
<i>TaCKX</i> expression
yield traits
wheat genotypes
awned spike
cytokinins
phytohormones
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/9ddb6929a2fb498a855eb55acb331ef9
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:9ddb6929a2fb498a855eb55acb331ef92021-11-11T16:57:29ZGenotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat10.3390/ijms2221114941422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/9ddb6929a2fb498a855eb55acb331ef92021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11494https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The influence of silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on coexpression of other <i>TaCKX</i> gene family members (GFMs), phytohormone regulation and yield-related traits was tested in awned-spike cultivar. We documented a strong feedback mechanism of regulation of <i>TaCKX</i> GFM expression in which silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> upregulated expression of <i>TaCKX2</i> genes and vice versa. Additionally, downregulation of <i>TaCKX2</i> highly upregulated the expression of <i>TaCKX5</i> and <i>TaNAC2-5A</i>. In contrast, expression of these genes in silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> was downregulated. Silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> T<sub>2</sub> lines with expression decreased by 47% had significantly higher thousand grain weight (TGW) and seedling root mass. Silenced <i>TaCKX2</i> T<sub>2</sub> lines with expression of <i>TaCKX2.2.1</i> and <i>TaCKX2.2.2</i> decreased by 33% and 30%, respectively, had significantly higher chlorophyll content in flag leaves. <i>TaCKX</i> GFM expression, phytohormone metabolism and phenotype were additionally modified by <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation. Two novel phytohormones, phenylacetic acid (PAA) and topolins, lack of gibberellic acid (GA) and changed phytohormone contents in the 7 days after pollination (DAP) spikes of the awned-spike cultivar compared to a previously tested, awnless one, were detected. We documented that major mechanisms of coregulation of the expression of <i>TaCKX</i> GFMs were similar in different spring wheat cultivars, but, depending on content and composition of phytohormones, regulation of yield-related traits was variously impacted.Bartosz JablonskiAndrzej BajguzJoanna BocianWaclaw OrczykAnna Nadolska-OrczykMDPI AGarticle<i>TaCKX</i> expressionyield traitswheat genotypesawned spikecytokininsphytohormonesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11494, p 11494 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic <i>TaCKX</i> expression
yield traits
wheat genotypes
awned spike
cytokinins
phytohormones
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle <i>TaCKX</i> expression
yield traits
wheat genotypes
awned spike
cytokinins
phytohormones
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Bartosz Jablonski
Andrzej Bajguz
Joanna Bocian
Waclaw Orczyk
Anna Nadolska-Orczyk
Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
description The influence of silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on coexpression of other <i>TaCKX</i> gene family members (GFMs), phytohormone regulation and yield-related traits was tested in awned-spike cultivar. We documented a strong feedback mechanism of regulation of <i>TaCKX</i> GFM expression in which silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> upregulated expression of <i>TaCKX2</i> genes and vice versa. Additionally, downregulation of <i>TaCKX2</i> highly upregulated the expression of <i>TaCKX5</i> and <i>TaNAC2-5A</i>. In contrast, expression of these genes in silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> was downregulated. Silenced <i>TaCKX1</i> T<sub>2</sub> lines with expression decreased by 47% had significantly higher thousand grain weight (TGW) and seedling root mass. Silenced <i>TaCKX2</i> T<sub>2</sub> lines with expression of <i>TaCKX2.2.1</i> and <i>TaCKX2.2.2</i> decreased by 33% and 30%, respectively, had significantly higher chlorophyll content in flag leaves. <i>TaCKX</i> GFM expression, phytohormone metabolism and phenotype were additionally modified by <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation. Two novel phytohormones, phenylacetic acid (PAA) and topolins, lack of gibberellic acid (GA) and changed phytohormone contents in the 7 days after pollination (DAP) spikes of the awned-spike cultivar compared to a previously tested, awnless one, were detected. We documented that major mechanisms of coregulation of the expression of <i>TaCKX</i> GFMs were similar in different spring wheat cultivars, but, depending on content and composition of phytohormones, regulation of yield-related traits was variously impacted.
format article
author Bartosz Jablonski
Andrzej Bajguz
Joanna Bocian
Waclaw Orczyk
Anna Nadolska-Orczyk
author_facet Bartosz Jablonski
Andrzej Bajguz
Joanna Bocian
Waclaw Orczyk
Anna Nadolska-Orczyk
author_sort Bartosz Jablonski
title Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
title_short Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
title_full Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
title_fullStr Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
title_full_unstemmed Genotype-Dependent Effect of Silencing of <i>TaCKX1</i> and <i>TaCKX2</i> on Phytohormone Crosstalk and Yield-Related Traits in Wheat
title_sort genotype-dependent effect of silencing of <i>tackx1</i> and <i>tackx2</i> on phytohormone crosstalk and yield-related traits in wheat
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/9ddb6929a2fb498a855eb55acb331ef9
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AT andrzejbajguz genotypedependenteffectofsilencingofitackx1ianditackx2ionphytohormonecrosstalkandyieldrelatedtraitsinwheat
AT joannabocian genotypedependenteffectofsilencingofitackx1ianditackx2ionphytohormonecrosstalkandyieldrelatedtraitsinwheat
AT waclaworczyk genotypedependenteffectofsilencingofitackx1ianditackx2ionphytohormonecrosstalkandyieldrelatedtraitsinwheat
AT annanadolskaorczyk genotypedependenteffectofsilencingofitackx1ianditackx2ionphytohormonecrosstalkandyieldrelatedtraitsinwheat
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