Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance

Taking into account numerous results from the literature, an in-depth exploratory study on the chemical gradients in the rise (or depth) direction was performed on polyisocyanurate rigid (PIR) foam insulation panels using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. In particular, it was found that the isocyanurate/pheny...

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Autores principales:	Joël Reignier, Françoise Méchin, Alexandru Sarbu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Polyurethane Polyisocyanurate Foam Infrared spectroscopy Flame resistance Chemical gradients Polymers and polymer manufacture TP1080-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9dfa644d369a4740a6bd030b23dfea77
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9dfa644d369a4740a6bd030b23dfea772021-11-24T04:25:27ZChemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance0142-941810.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106972https://doaj.org/article/9dfa644d369a4740a6bd030b23dfea772021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941820322017https://doaj.org/toc/0142-9418Taking into account numerous results from the literature, an in-depth exploratory study on the chemical gradients in the rise (or depth) direction was performed on polyisocyanurate rigid (PIR) foam insulation panels using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. In particular, it was found that the isocyanurate/phenyl ratio is a quick and effective technique for providing an indication of the level of trimer conversion within each sample. More importantly, a detailed analysis of the C–N stretching vibration of the isocyanurate ring as a function of depth revealed a linear decrease in the frequency peak maximum with the increase in the isocyanurate ratio for all investigated PIR foams. This result suggests for the first time that the position (frequency) of peak maximum (C–N stretching of isocyanurate ring) may be used to quantify the extent of isocyanurate formation without the issues linked to the use of absorbances. It is proposed that this reduction in the frequency of the C–N stretching vibration of isocyanurate ring reflects the decrease in hydrogen bonding between N–H of urethane group and CO within the isocyanurate ring when the isocyanurate content increases (lower mobility associated with higher level of cross-linking). The heterogeneity of the isocyanurate content was physically confirmed by investigating the flammability of the foam samples taken at different positions in the rise direction (z-axis).Joël ReignierFrançoise MéchinAlexandru SarbuElsevierarticlePolyurethanePolyisocyanurateFoamInfrared spectroscopyFlame resistanceChemical gradientsPolymers and polymer manufactureTP1080-1185ENPolymer Testing, Vol 93, Iss , Pp 106972- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Polyurethane Polyisocyanurate Foam Infrared spectroscopy Flame resistance Chemical gradients Polymers and polymer manufacture TP1080-1185
spellingShingle	Polyurethane Polyisocyanurate Foam Infrared spectroscopy Flame resistance Chemical gradients Polymers and polymer manufacture TP1080-1185 Joël Reignier Françoise Méchin Alexandru Sarbu Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
description	Taking into account numerous results from the literature, an in-depth exploratory study on the chemical gradients in the rise (or depth) direction was performed on polyisocyanurate rigid (PIR) foam insulation panels using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. In particular, it was found that the isocyanurate/phenyl ratio is a quick and effective technique for providing an indication of the level of trimer conversion within each sample. More importantly, a detailed analysis of the C–N stretching vibration of the isocyanurate ring as a function of depth revealed a linear decrease in the frequency peak maximum with the increase in the isocyanurate ratio for all investigated PIR foams. This result suggests for the first time that the position (frequency) of peak maximum (C–N stretching of isocyanurate ring) may be used to quantify the extent of isocyanurate formation without the issues linked to the use of absorbances. It is proposed that this reduction in the frequency of the C–N stretching vibration of isocyanurate ring reflects the decrease in hydrogen bonding between N–H of urethane group and CO within the isocyanurate ring when the isocyanurate content increases (lower mobility associated with higher level of cross-linking). The heterogeneity of the isocyanurate content was physically confirmed by investigating the flammability of the foam samples taken at different positions in the rise direction (z-axis).
format	article
author	Joël Reignier Françoise Méchin Alexandru Sarbu
author_facet	Joël Reignier Françoise Méchin Alexandru Sarbu
author_sort	Joël Reignier
title	Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
title_short	Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
title_full	Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
title_fullStr	Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
title_full_unstemmed	Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance
title_sort	chemical gradients in pir foams as probed by atr-ftir analysis and consequences on fire resistance
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9dfa644d369a4740a6bd030b23dfea77
work_keys_str_mv	AT joelreignier chemicalgradientsinpirfoamsasprobedbyatrftiranalysisandconsequencesonfireresistance AT francoisemechin chemicalgradientsinpirfoamsasprobedbyatrftiranalysisandconsequencesonfireresistance AT alexandrusarbu chemicalgradientsinpirfoamsasprobedbyatrftiranalysisandconsequencesonfireresistance
_version_	1718415993639796736

Chemical gradients in PIR foams as probed by ATR-FTIR analysis and consequences on fire resistance

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