Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process

Pig slurry is considered a high-risk effluent that causes several environmental problems if it is not adequately managed and treated. White Iberian pig farms in the southeast of Spain treat their slurry in situ using separation, double filtration, decantation, and constructed wetland treatments. How...

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Autores principales:	Oumaima El bied, Mathieu Kessler, Martire Angélica Terrero, Taoufiq Fechtali, Angel Faz Cano, José A. Acosta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	coagulation flocculation (CF) pig slurry (PS) treatment chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal turbidity removal central composite design method (CCD) total suspended solids (TSS) removal Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9e0df224174746b0ad2719e33adf152a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9e0df224174746b0ad2719e33adf152a2021-11-25T16:04:40ZTurbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process10.3390/agronomy111121582073-4395https://doaj.org/article/9e0df224174746b0ad2719e33adf152a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2158https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Pig slurry is considered a high-risk effluent that causes several environmental problems if it is not adequately managed and treated. White Iberian pig farms in the southeast of Spain treat their slurry in situ using separation, double filtration, decantation, and constructed wetland treatments. However, the pretreatment process does not successfully reduce solids, which leads to clogging in the constructed wetlands (CWs). The main objective of this research paper is to reduce the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the effluent to make it appropriate for CW treatment. Optimization of the coagulation–flocculation (CF) process using iron chloride and a cationic flocculent DKFLOCC-1598 was investigated by a central composite design method (CCD). The effects of coagulant concentration, pH, and flocculent on the COD and turbidity removal were evaluated. The best results were found using 0.024 mol L<sup>−1</sup> iron chloride and 0.164 mL L<sup>−1</sup> flocculent at pH 7.5, which reduced COD by 96% and delivered turbidity removal of 97%. Therefore, the results indicate the high efficiency of the treatment method in reducing the COD and suspended solids.Oumaima El biedMathieu KesslerMartire Angélica TerreroTaoufiq FechtaliAngel Faz CanoJosé A. AcostaMDPI AGarticlecoagulation flocculation (CF)pig slurry (PS) treatmentchemical oxygen demand (COD) removalturbidity removalcentral composite design method (CCD)total suspended solids (TSS) removalAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2158, p 2158 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coagulation flocculation (CF) pig slurry (PS) treatment chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal turbidity removal central composite design method (CCD) total suspended solids (TSS) removal Agriculture S
spellingShingle	coagulation flocculation (CF) pig slurry (PS) treatment chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal turbidity removal central composite design method (CCD) total suspended solids (TSS) removal Agriculture S Oumaima El bied Mathieu Kessler Martire Angélica Terrero Taoufiq Fechtali Angel Faz Cano José A. Acosta Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
description	Pig slurry is considered a high-risk effluent that causes several environmental problems if it is not adequately managed and treated. White Iberian pig farms in the southeast of Spain treat their slurry in situ using separation, double filtration, decantation, and constructed wetland treatments. However, the pretreatment process does not successfully reduce solids, which leads to clogging in the constructed wetlands (CWs). The main objective of this research paper is to reduce the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from the effluent to make it appropriate for CW treatment. Optimization of the coagulation–flocculation (CF) process using iron chloride and a cationic flocculent DKFLOCC-1598 was investigated by a central composite design method (CCD). The effects of coagulant concentration, pH, and flocculent on the COD and turbidity removal were evaluated. The best results were found using 0.024 mol L<sup>−1</sup> iron chloride and 0.164 mL L<sup>−1</sup> flocculent at pH 7.5, which reduced COD by 96% and delivered turbidity removal of 97%. Therefore, the results indicate the high efficiency of the treatment method in reducing the COD and suspended solids.
format	article
author	Oumaima El bied Mathieu Kessler Martire Angélica Terrero Taoufiq Fechtali Angel Faz Cano José A. Acosta
author_facet	Oumaima El bied Mathieu Kessler Martire Angélica Terrero Taoufiq Fechtali Angel Faz Cano José A. Acosta
author_sort	Oumaima El bied
title	Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
title_short	Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
title_full	Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
title_fullStr	Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
title_full_unstemmed	Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process
title_sort	turbidity and chemical oxygen demand reduction from pig slurry through a coagulation flocculation process
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9e0df224174746b0ad2719e33adf152a
work_keys_str_mv	AT oumaimaelbied turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess AT mathieukessler turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess AT martireangelicaterrero turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess AT taoufiqfechtali turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess AT angelfazcano turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess AT joseaacosta turbidityandchemicaloxygendemandreductionfrompigslurrythroughacoagulationflocculationprocess
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Turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction from Pig Slurry through a Coagulation Flocculation Process

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