Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2

<p>We present a transient simulation of global vegetation and climate patterns of the mid- and late Holocene using the MPI-ESM (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model) at T63 resolution. The simulated vegetation trend is discussed in the context of the simulated Holocene clima...

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Autores principales:	A. Dallmeyer, M. Claussen, S. J. Lorenz, M. Sigl, M. Toohey, U. Herzschuh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Copernicus Publications 2021
Materias:	Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9e12110150354990b7ba883aeffea60f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9e12110150354990b7ba883aeffea60f2021-12-02T14:28:16ZHolocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.210.5194/cp-17-2481-20211814-93241814-9332https://doaj.org/article/9e12110150354990b7ba883aeffea60f2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://cp.copernicus.org/articles/17/2481/2021/cp-17-2481-2021.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/1814-9324https://doaj.org/toc/1814-9332<p>We present a transient simulation of global vegetation and climate patterns of the mid- and late Holocene using the MPI-ESM (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model) at T63 resolution. The simulated vegetation trend is discussed in the context of the simulated Holocene climate change. Our model captures the main trends found in reconstructions. Most prominent are the southward retreat of the northern treeline that is combined with the strong decrease of forest in the high northern latitudes during the Holocene and the vast increase of the Saharan desert, embedded in a general decrease in precipitation and vegetation in the Northern Hemisphere monsoon margin regions. The Southern Hemisphere experiences weaker changes in total vegetation cover during the last 8000 years. However, the monsoon-related increase in precipitation and the insolation-induced cooling of the winter climate lead to shifts in the vegetation composition, mainly between the woody plant functional types (PFTs).</p> <p>The large-scale global patterns of vegetation almost linearly follow the subtle, approximately linear, orbital forcing. In some regions, however, non-linear, more rapid changes in vegetation are found in the simulation. The most striking region is the Sahel–Sahara domain with rapid vegetation transitions to a rather desertic state, despite a gradual insolation forcing. Rapid shifts in the simulated vegetation also occur in the high northern latitudes, in South Asia and in the monsoon margins of the Southern Hemisphere. These rapid changes are mainly triggered by changes in the winter temperatures, which go into, or move out of, the bioclimatic tolerance range of individual PFTs. The dynamics of the transitions are determined by dynamics of the net primary production (NPP) and the competition between PFTs. These changes mainly occur on timescales of centuries. More rapid changes in PFTs that occur within a few decades are mainly associated with the timescales of mortality and the bioclimatic thresholds implicit in the dynamic vegetation model, which have to be interpreted with caution.</p> <p>Most of the simulated Holocene vegetation changes outside the high northern latitudes are associated with modifications in the intensity of the global summer monsoon dynamics that also affect the circulation in the extra tropics via teleconnections. Based on our simulations, we thus identify the global monsoons as the key player in Holocene climate and vegetation change.</p>A. DallmeyerM. ClaussenM. ClaussenS. J. LorenzM. SiglM. TooheyU. HerzschuhU. HerzschuhU. HerzschuhCopernicus PublicationsarticleEnvironmental pollutionTD172-193.5Environmental protectionTD169-171.8Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENClimate of the Past, Vol 17, Pp 2481-2513 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental protection TD169-171.8 Environmental sciences GE1-350 A. Dallmeyer M. Claussen M. Claussen S. J. Lorenz M. Sigl M. Toohey U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
description	<p>We present a transient simulation of global vegetation and climate patterns of the mid- and late Holocene using the MPI-ESM (Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model) at T63 resolution. The simulated vegetation trend is discussed in the context of the simulated Holocene climate change. Our model captures the main trends found in reconstructions. Most prominent are the southward retreat of the northern treeline that is combined with the strong decrease of forest in the high northern latitudes during the Holocene and the vast increase of the Saharan desert, embedded in a general decrease in precipitation and vegetation in the Northern Hemisphere monsoon margin regions. The Southern Hemisphere experiences weaker changes in total vegetation cover during the last 8000 years. However, the monsoon-related increase in precipitation and the insolation-induced cooling of the winter climate lead to shifts in the vegetation composition, mainly between the woody plant functional types (PFTs).</p> <p>The large-scale global patterns of vegetation almost linearly follow the subtle, approximately linear, orbital forcing. In some regions, however, non-linear, more rapid changes in vegetation are found in the simulation. The most striking region is the Sahel–Sahara domain with rapid vegetation transitions to a rather desertic state, despite a gradual insolation forcing. Rapid shifts in the simulated vegetation also occur in the high northern latitudes, in South Asia and in the monsoon margins of the Southern Hemisphere. These rapid changes are mainly triggered by changes in the winter temperatures, which go into, or move out of, the bioclimatic tolerance range of individual PFTs. The dynamics of the transitions are determined by dynamics of the net primary production (NPP) and the competition between PFTs. These changes mainly occur on timescales of centuries. More rapid changes in PFTs that occur within a few decades are mainly associated with the timescales of mortality and the bioclimatic thresholds implicit in the dynamic vegetation model, which have to be interpreted with caution.</p> <p>Most of the simulated Holocene vegetation changes outside the high northern latitudes are associated with modifications in the intensity of the global summer monsoon dynamics that also affect the circulation in the extra tropics via teleconnections. Based on our simulations, we thus identify the global monsoons as the key player in Holocene climate and vegetation change.</p>
format	article
author	A. Dallmeyer M. Claussen M. Claussen S. J. Lorenz M. Sigl M. Toohey U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh
author_facet	A. Dallmeyer M. Claussen M. Claussen S. J. Lorenz M. Sigl M. Toohey U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh U. Herzschuh
author_sort	A. Dallmeyer
title	Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
title_short	Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
title_full	Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
title_fullStr	Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
title_full_unstemmed	Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2
title_sort	holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in mpi-esm1.2
publisher	Copernicus Publications
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9e12110150354990b7ba883aeffea60f
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_version_	1718391268866785280

Holocene vegetation transitions and their climatic drivers in MPI-ESM1.2

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