Brain electrical traits of logical validity

Abstract Neuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The objective of this research is to verify if logically valid deductions leave any cerebral elec...

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Autores principales:	Francisco Salto, Carmen Requena, Paula Álvarez-Merino, Luís F. Antón-Toro, Fernando Maestú
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9e1c524d35094f15bd26e41f3c61e9cc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9e1c524d35094f15bd26e41f3c61e9cc2021-12-02T15:51:12ZBrain electrical traits of logical validity10.1038/s41598-021-87191-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9e1c524d35094f15bd26e41f3c61e9cc2021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87191-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Neuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The objective of this research is to verify if logically valid deductions leave any cerebral electrical trait that is distinct from the trait left by non-valid deductions. 23 subjects with an average age of 20.35 years were registered with MEG and placed into a two conditions paradigm (100 trials for each condition) which each presented the exact same relational complexity (same variables and content) but had distinct logical complexity. Both conditions show the same electromagnetic components (P3, N4) in the early temporal window (250–525 ms) and P6 in the late temporal window (500–775 ms). The significant activity in both valid and invalid conditions is found in sensors from medial prefrontal regions, probably corresponding to the ACC or to the medial prefrontal cortex. The amplitude and intensity of valid deductions is significantly lower in both temporal windows (p = 0.0003). The reaction time was 54.37% slower in the valid condition. Validity leaves a minimal but measurable hypoactive electrical trait in brain processing. The minor electrical demand is attributable to the recursive and automatable character of valid deductions, suggesting a physical indicator of computational deductive properties. It is hypothesized that all valid deductions are recursive and hypoactive.Francisco SaltoCarmen RequenaPaula Álvarez-MerinoLuís F. Antón-ToroFernando MaestúNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Francisco Salto Carmen Requena Paula Álvarez-Merino Luís F. Antón-Toro Fernando Maestú Brain electrical traits of logical validity
description	Abstract Neuroscience has studied deductive reasoning over the last 20 years under the assumption that deductive inferences are not only de jure but also de facto distinct from other forms of inference. The objective of this research is to verify if logically valid deductions leave any cerebral electrical trait that is distinct from the trait left by non-valid deductions. 23 subjects with an average age of 20.35 years were registered with MEG and placed into a two conditions paradigm (100 trials for each condition) which each presented the exact same relational complexity (same variables and content) but had distinct logical complexity. Both conditions show the same electromagnetic components (P3, N4) in the early temporal window (250–525 ms) and P6 in the late temporal window (500–775 ms). The significant activity in both valid and invalid conditions is found in sensors from medial prefrontal regions, probably corresponding to the ACC or to the medial prefrontal cortex. The amplitude and intensity of valid deductions is significantly lower in both temporal windows (p = 0.0003). The reaction time was 54.37% slower in the valid condition. Validity leaves a minimal but measurable hypoactive electrical trait in brain processing. The minor electrical demand is attributable to the recursive and automatable character of valid deductions, suggesting a physical indicator of computational deductive properties. It is hypothesized that all valid deductions are recursive and hypoactive.
format	article
author	Francisco Salto Carmen Requena Paula Álvarez-Merino Luís F. Antón-Toro Fernando Maestú
author_facet	Francisco Salto Carmen Requena Paula Álvarez-Merino Luís F. Antón-Toro Fernando Maestú
author_sort	Francisco Salto
title	Brain electrical traits of logical validity
title_short	Brain electrical traits of logical validity
title_full	Brain electrical traits of logical validity
title_fullStr	Brain electrical traits of logical validity
title_full_unstemmed	Brain electrical traits of logical validity
title_sort	brain electrical traits of logical validity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9e1c524d35094f15bd26e41f3c61e9cc
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Brain electrical traits of logical validity

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