Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field

A Beijing paddy field, along with in-situ experiments, was used to validate and refine the in-situ observation (IO) method to describe nonpoint source pollution (NPS) in paddy fields. Based on synchronous observed rainfall, water depth, and water quality data at two locations (1# (near inlet) and 2#...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Ya Liao, Jingyi He, Baolin Su, Junfeng Dou, Yunqiang Xu, Lifen Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	paddy field rainfall runoff non-point source pollution in-situ method Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9e35157892bd448aba97abd57fa804c7
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:9e35157892bd448aba97abd57fa804c7
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9e35157892bd448aba97abd57fa804c72021-11-25T19:15:49ZValidation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field10.3390/w132232352073-4441https://doaj.org/article/9e35157892bd448aba97abd57fa804c72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3235https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441A Beijing paddy field, along with in-situ experiments, was used to validate and refine the in-situ observation (IO) method to describe nonpoint source pollution (NPS) in paddy fields. Based on synchronous observed rainfall, water depth, and water quality data at two locations (1# (near inlet) and 2# (near outlet)) with large elevation differences, the evapotranspiration and infiltration loss (ET+F), runoff depth and NPS pollution load were calculated according to IO, and a common method was used to calculate ET+F. Then, the results of the different methods and locations were compared and analyzed. The results showed that 1# observation point was located at a lower position compared with 2# observation point. According to 1# observation point, there were 5 days of dry field in the drying period, which was consistent with the actual drying period, and there was a dry period of 9 days based on 2# observation point. The ET+F estimated by IO fit well with the calculated values. In the experiment, 6 overflows and 1 drainage event were identified from the observed data at locations 1# and 2#. The relative deviation of the NPS pollution of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate-nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) was between 0.6% and 2.0%. The water level gauge location had little influence on IO but mostly affected the water depth observations during the field drying period. The mareographs should be installed in low-lying paddy field areas to monitor water depth variation throughout the whole rice-growing season.Ya LiaoJingyi HeBaolin SuJunfeng DouYunqiang XuLifen LiMDPI AGarticlepaddy fieldrainfallrunoffnon-point source pollutionin-situ methodHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3235, p 3235 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	paddy field rainfall runoff non-point source pollution in-situ method Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	paddy field rainfall runoff non-point source pollution in-situ method Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Ya Liao Jingyi He Baolin Su Junfeng Dou Yunqiang Xu Lifen Li Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
description	A Beijing paddy field, along with in-situ experiments, was used to validate and refine the in-situ observation (IO) method to describe nonpoint source pollution (NPS) in paddy fields. Based on synchronous observed rainfall, water depth, and water quality data at two locations (1# (near inlet) and 2# (near outlet)) with large elevation differences, the evapotranspiration and infiltration loss (ET+F), runoff depth and NPS pollution load were calculated according to IO, and a common method was used to calculate ET+F. Then, the results of the different methods and locations were compared and analyzed. The results showed that 1# observation point was located at a lower position compared with 2# observation point. According to 1# observation point, there were 5 days of dry field in the drying period, which was consistent with the actual drying period, and there was a dry period of 9 days based on 2# observation point. The ET+F estimated by IO fit well with the calculated values. In the experiment, 6 overflows and 1 drainage event were identified from the observed data at locations 1# and 2#. The relative deviation of the NPS pollution of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate-nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N) and ammonia nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) was between 0.6% and 2.0%. The water level gauge location had little influence on IO but mostly affected the water depth observations during the field drying period. The mareographs should be installed in low-lying paddy field areas to monitor water depth variation throughout the whole rice-growing season.
format	article
author	Ya Liao Jingyi He Baolin Su Junfeng Dou Yunqiang Xu Lifen Li
author_facet	Ya Liao Jingyi He Baolin Su Junfeng Dou Yunqiang Xu Lifen Li
author_sort	Ya Liao
title	Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
title_short	Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
title_full	Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
title_fullStr	Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
title_full_unstemmed	Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field
title_sort	validation of an in-situ observation method for nonpoint source pollution in paddy fields: a case study of a beijing paddy field
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9e35157892bd448aba97abd57fa804c7
work_keys_str_mv	AT yaliao validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield AT jingyihe validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield AT baolinsu validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield AT junfengdou validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield AT yunqiangxu validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield AT lifenli validationofaninsituobservationmethodfornonpointsourcepollutioninpaddyfieldsacasestudyofabeijingpaddyfield
_version_	1718410109890068480

Validation of an In-Situ Observation Method for Nonpoint Source Pollution in Paddy Fields: A Case Study of a Beijing Paddy Field

Ejemplares similares