Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line

ABSTRACT While employing deep sequencing and de novo assembly to characterize the mRNA transcript profile of a cell line derived from the microbat Myotis velifer incautus, we serendipitously identified mRNAs encoding proteins with a high level of identity to herpesviruses. A majority were closely re...

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Autores principales:	Reed S. Shabman, Susmita Shrivastava, Tshidi Tsibane, Oliver Attie, Anitha Jayaprakash, Chad E. Mire, Kari E. Dilley, Vinita Puri, Timothy B. Stockwell, Thomas W. Geisbert, Ravi Sachidanandam, Christopher F. Basler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2016
Materias:	bats genomics herpesviruses next-generation sequencing transcriptomics virus discovery Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9e3d654904814c969a2a53264e4ed6bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9e3d654904814c969a2a53264e4ed6bc2021-11-15T15:21:39ZIsolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line10.1128/mSphere.00070-152379-5042https://doaj.org/article/9e3d654904814c969a2a53264e4ed6bc2016-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00070-15https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT While employing deep sequencing and de novo assembly to characterize the mRNA transcript profile of a cell line derived from the microbat Myotis velifer incautus, we serendipitously identified mRNAs encoding proteins with a high level of identity to herpesviruses. A majority were closely related to proteins of equine herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2), a horse gammaherpesvirus. We demonstrated by electron microscopy the presence of herpesvirus-like particles in the microbat cells. Passage of supernatants from microbat cells to Vero cells resulted in syncytium formation, and expression of viral genes and amplification of viral DNA were demonstrated by quantitative PCR. Susceptibility of human cell lines to productive infection was also demonstrated. Next-generation sequencing and de novo assembly of the viral genome from supernatants from Vero cells yielded a single contig of approximately 130 kb with at least 77 open reading frames (ORFs), predicted microRNAs (miRNAs), and a gammaherpesvirus genomic organization. Phylogenic analysis of the envelope glycoprotein (gB) and DNA polymerase (POLD1) revealed similarity to multiple gammaherpesviruses, including those from as-yet-uncultured viruses of the Rhadinovirus genus that were obtained by deep sequencing of bat tissues. Moreover, the assembled genome revealed ORFs that share little or no homology to known ORFs in EHV-2 but are similar to accessory proteins of other gammaherpesviruses. Some also have striking homology to predicted Myotis bat proteins. Cumulatively, this study provides the first isolation and characterization of a replication-competent bat gammaherpesvirus. IMPORTANCE Bats are of significant interest as reservoirs for zoonotic viral pathogens; however, tools to dissect bat-virus interactions are limited in availability. This study serendipitously identified, in an established bat cell line, a fully replication-competent gammaherpesvirus; determined the complete genome sequence of the virus; and generated a viral transcript map. This virus can replicate in select human and nonhuman primate cell lines. However, analyses of viral sequences support a bat origin for this virus; we therefore refer to the virus as bat gammaherpesvirus 8 (BGHV8). The viral genome contains unique open reading frames that likely encode modulators of bat innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways and expresses viral miRNAs. The virus and its gene products should provide a unique tool to dissect both bat and gammaherpesvirus biology.Reed S. ShabmanSusmita ShrivastavaTshidi TsibaneOliver AttieAnitha JayaprakashChad E. MireKari E. DilleyVinita PuriTimothy B. StockwellThomas W. GeisbertRavi SachidanandamChristopher F. BaslerAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlebatsgenomicsherpesvirusesnext-generation sequencingtranscriptomicsvirus discoveryMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 1, Iss 1 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	bats genomics herpesviruses next-generation sequencing transcriptomics virus discovery Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	bats genomics herpesviruses next-generation sequencing transcriptomics virus discovery Microbiology QR1-502 Reed S. Shabman Susmita Shrivastava Tshidi Tsibane Oliver Attie Anitha Jayaprakash Chad E. Mire Kari E. Dilley Vinita Puri Timothy B. Stockwell Thomas W. Geisbert Ravi Sachidanandam Christopher F. Basler Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
description	ABSTRACT While employing deep sequencing and de novo assembly to characterize the mRNA transcript profile of a cell line derived from the microbat Myotis velifer incautus, we serendipitously identified mRNAs encoding proteins with a high level of identity to herpesviruses. A majority were closely related to proteins of equine herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2), a horse gammaherpesvirus. We demonstrated by electron microscopy the presence of herpesvirus-like particles in the microbat cells. Passage of supernatants from microbat cells to Vero cells resulted in syncytium formation, and expression of viral genes and amplification of viral DNA were demonstrated by quantitative PCR. Susceptibility of human cell lines to productive infection was also demonstrated. Next-generation sequencing and de novo assembly of the viral genome from supernatants from Vero cells yielded a single contig of approximately 130 kb with at least 77 open reading frames (ORFs), predicted microRNAs (miRNAs), and a gammaherpesvirus genomic organization. Phylogenic analysis of the envelope glycoprotein (gB) and DNA polymerase (POLD1) revealed similarity to multiple gammaherpesviruses, including those from as-yet-uncultured viruses of the Rhadinovirus genus that were obtained by deep sequencing of bat tissues. Moreover, the assembled genome revealed ORFs that share little or no homology to known ORFs in EHV-2 but are similar to accessory proteins of other gammaherpesviruses. Some also have striking homology to predicted Myotis bat proteins. Cumulatively, this study provides the first isolation and characterization of a replication-competent bat gammaherpesvirus. IMPORTANCE Bats are of significant interest as reservoirs for zoonotic viral pathogens; however, tools to dissect bat-virus interactions are limited in availability. This study serendipitously identified, in an established bat cell line, a fully replication-competent gammaherpesvirus; determined the complete genome sequence of the virus; and generated a viral transcript map. This virus can replicate in select human and nonhuman primate cell lines. However, analyses of viral sequences support a bat origin for this virus; we therefore refer to the virus as bat gammaherpesvirus 8 (BGHV8). The viral genome contains unique open reading frames that likely encode modulators of bat innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways and expresses viral miRNAs. The virus and its gene products should provide a unique tool to dissect both bat and gammaherpesvirus biology.
format	article
author	Reed S. Shabman Susmita Shrivastava Tshidi Tsibane Oliver Attie Anitha Jayaprakash Chad E. Mire Kari E. Dilley Vinita Puri Timothy B. Stockwell Thomas W. Geisbert Ravi Sachidanandam Christopher F. Basler
author_facet	Reed S. Shabman Susmita Shrivastava Tshidi Tsibane Oliver Attie Anitha Jayaprakash Chad E. Mire Kari E. Dilley Vinita Puri Timothy B. Stockwell Thomas W. Geisbert Ravi Sachidanandam Christopher F. Basler
author_sort	Reed S. Shabman
title	Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
title_short	Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
title_full	Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
title_fullStr	Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
title_full_unstemmed	Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line
title_sort	isolation and characterization of a novel gammaherpesvirus from a microbat cell line
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/9e3d654904814c969a2a53264e4ed6bc
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_version_	1718428147185090560

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Gammaherpesvirus from a Microbat Cell Line

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