Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption

Agricultural soils account for less than 10% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States but about 75% of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Soil conservation practices, such as no-tillage, have the potential to mitigate GHG emissions. We examined the short-term consequences of no-t...

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Autores principales:	Mark D. McDonald, Katie L. Lewis, Paul B. DeLaune, Thomas W. Boutton, Jacob D. Reed, Terry J. Gentry
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	nitrous oxide nosZ N2O consumption semi-arid soil nosZ clade II N2O emissions Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9f15fd1a06a94746b0d779e987bd3514
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9f15fd1a06a94746b0d779e987bd35142021-11-11T06:16:24ZNitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption2296-665X10.3389/fenvs.2021.702806https://doaj.org/article/9f15fd1a06a94746b0d779e987bd35142021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2021.702806/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-665XAgricultural soils account for less than 10% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States but about 75% of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Soil conservation practices, such as no-tillage, have the potential to mitigate GHG emissions. We examined the short-term consequences of no-tillage with a winter wheat cover crop (NTW) and no-tillage winter fallow (NT) on N2O emissions, N2O reducing bacterial populations, and overall soil bacterial abundance during the summer growing season in the southern Great Plains, United States. Conservation practices were coupled with nitrogen (N) fertilizer application timing (100% pre-plant, 100% mid-season, 40% pre-plant 60% mid-season, 100% pre-plant with N stabilizer). In addition, N2O emissions were measured to determine any functional effects of altering N fertilizer timing and changing bacterial populations. The combination of N treatment and conservation practice affected nosZ clade II abundance in the second year of the study. Diversity of nosZ clade II was evaluated to determine effects on non-typical N2O reducers which were highly abundant in this study. No nosZ clade II diversity effects were determined, although some clustering of conservation system and N treatments was observed in the second year. Nitrogen treatment affected N2O-N emissions during the summer of both years, likely related to overall increased microbial activity and N fertilizer application. Negative fluxes (consumption) of N2O-N were observed in every treatment and tillage combination and were most pronounced in the control (0 kg N ha−1). Negative fluxes are likely due to a combination of low inorganic-N concentrations at various points during the year and a robust clade II population driving N2O consumption. Altering conservation system and the timing of N fertilizer application affects the microbial community and will likely continue to select for unique communities as the system matures. This will also likely further impact N2O emissions from the system and may increase the rate and frequency of N2O consumption.Mark D. McDonaldKatie L. LewisPaul B. DeLauneThomas W. BouttonJacob D. ReedTerry J. GentryFrontiers Media S.A.articlenitrous oxidenosZN2O consumptionsemi-arid soilnosZ clade IIN2O emissionsEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENFrontiers in Environmental Science, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nitrous oxide nosZ N2O consumption semi-arid soil nosZ clade II N2O emissions Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	nitrous oxide nosZ N2O consumption semi-arid soil nosZ clade II N2O emissions Environmental sciences GE1-350 Mark D. McDonald Katie L. Lewis Paul B. DeLaune Thomas W. Boutton Jacob D. Reed Terry J. Gentry Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
description	Agricultural soils account for less than 10% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the United States but about 75% of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Soil conservation practices, such as no-tillage, have the potential to mitigate GHG emissions. We examined the short-term consequences of no-tillage with a winter wheat cover crop (NTW) and no-tillage winter fallow (NT) on N2O emissions, N2O reducing bacterial populations, and overall soil bacterial abundance during the summer growing season in the southern Great Plains, United States. Conservation practices were coupled with nitrogen (N) fertilizer application timing (100% pre-plant, 100% mid-season, 40% pre-plant 60% mid-season, 100% pre-plant with N stabilizer). In addition, N2O emissions were measured to determine any functional effects of altering N fertilizer timing and changing bacterial populations. The combination of N treatment and conservation practice affected nosZ clade II abundance in the second year of the study. Diversity of nosZ clade II was evaluated to determine effects on non-typical N2O reducers which were highly abundant in this study. No nosZ clade II diversity effects were determined, although some clustering of conservation system and N treatments was observed in the second year. Nitrogen treatment affected N2O-N emissions during the summer of both years, likely related to overall increased microbial activity and N fertilizer application. Negative fluxes (consumption) of N2O-N were observed in every treatment and tillage combination and were most pronounced in the control (0 kg N ha−1). Negative fluxes are likely due to a combination of low inorganic-N concentrations at various points during the year and a robust clade II population driving N2O consumption. Altering conservation system and the timing of N fertilizer application affects the microbial community and will likely continue to select for unique communities as the system matures. This will also likely further impact N2O emissions from the system and may increase the rate and frequency of N2O consumption.
format	article
author	Mark D. McDonald Katie L. Lewis Paul B. DeLaune Thomas W. Boutton Jacob D. Reed Terry J. Gentry
author_facet	Mark D. McDonald Katie L. Lewis Paul B. DeLaune Thomas W. Boutton Jacob D. Reed Terry J. Gentry
author_sort	Mark D. McDonald
title	Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
title_short	Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
title_full	Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
title_fullStr	Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption
title_sort	nitrous oxide consumption potential in a semi-arid agricultural system: effects of conservation soil management and nitrogen timing on nosz mediated n2o consumption
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9f15fd1a06a94746b0d779e987bd3514
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Nitrous Oxide Consumption Potential in a Semi-Arid Agricultural System: Effects of Conservation Soil Management and Nitrogen Timing on nosZ Mediated N2O Consumption

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