Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data
Abstract Background Low birth weight (LBW) and fetal growth restriction are associated with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases later in life. A recent Mendelian randomization study concluded that the susceptibility of LBW infants to develop hypertension during adulthood is due to the inher...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:9f27a7d18fa848a49bffade8115555e02021-11-08T10:45:53ZPlacenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data10.1186/s12916-021-02131-01741-7015https://doaj.org/article/9f27a7d18fa848a49bffade8115555e02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02131-0https://doaj.org/toc/1741-7015Abstract Background Low birth weight (LBW) and fetal growth restriction are associated with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases later in life. A recent Mendelian randomization study concluded that the susceptibility of LBW infants to develop hypertension during adulthood is due to the inheritance of hypertension genes from the mother and not to an unfavorable intrauterine environment. Therein, a negative linear association has been assumed between genetically estimated maternal blood pressure (BP) and birth weight, while the observed relationship between maternal BP and birth weight is substantially different from that assumption. As many hypertension genes are likely involved in vasculature development and function, we hypothesized that BP-increasing genetic variants could affect birth weight by reducing the growth of the placenta, a highly vascular organ, without overtly elevating the maternal BP. Methods Using a birth cohort in the Japanese population possessing time-series fetal growth velocity data as a target and a GWAS summary statistics of BioBank Japan as a base data, we performed polygenic score (PGS) analyses for systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. A causal mediation analysis was performed to assess the meditation effect of placental weight on birth weight reduced by maternal BP-increasing PGS. Maternal genetic risk score constituted of only “vasculature-related” BP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was constructed to examine the involvement of vascular genes in the mediation effect of placental weight. We identified gestational week in which maternal SBP-increasing PGS significantly decreased fetal growth velocity. Results We observed that maternal SBP-increasing PGS was negatively associated with offspring birth weight. A causal mediation analysis revealed that a large proportion of the total maternal PGS effect on birth weight was mediated by placental weight. The placental mediation effect was remarkable when genetic risk score was constituted of “vasculature-related” BP SNPs. The inverse association between maternal SBP PGS and fetal growth velocity only became apparent in late gestation. Conclusions Our study suggests that maternal hypertension genes are strongly associated with placental growth and that fetal growth inhibition is induced through the intrauterine environment established by the placenta.Noriko SatoAyako FudonoChihiro ImaiHidemi TakimotoIori TaruiTomoko AoyamaSatoshi YagoMotoko OkamitsuShuki MizutaniNaoyuki MiyasakaBMCarticleIntrauterine programmingPlacentaBlood pressureVascular genesDevelopmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD)MedicineRENBMC Medicine, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
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EN |
| topic |
Intrauterine programming Placenta Blood pressure Vascular genes Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Medicine R |
| spellingShingle |
Intrauterine programming Placenta Blood pressure Vascular genes Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Medicine R Noriko Sato Ayako Fudono Chihiro Imai Hidemi Takimoto Iori Tarui Tomoko Aoyama Satoshi Yago Motoko Okamitsu Shuki Mizutani Naoyuki Miyasaka Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| description |
Abstract Background Low birth weight (LBW) and fetal growth restriction are associated with the development of cardio-metabolic diseases later in life. A recent Mendelian randomization study concluded that the susceptibility of LBW infants to develop hypertension during adulthood is due to the inheritance of hypertension genes from the mother and not to an unfavorable intrauterine environment. Therein, a negative linear association has been assumed between genetically estimated maternal blood pressure (BP) and birth weight, while the observed relationship between maternal BP and birth weight is substantially different from that assumption. As many hypertension genes are likely involved in vasculature development and function, we hypothesized that BP-increasing genetic variants could affect birth weight by reducing the growth of the placenta, a highly vascular organ, without overtly elevating the maternal BP. Methods Using a birth cohort in the Japanese population possessing time-series fetal growth velocity data as a target and a GWAS summary statistics of BioBank Japan as a base data, we performed polygenic score (PGS) analyses for systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure. A causal mediation analysis was performed to assess the meditation effect of placental weight on birth weight reduced by maternal BP-increasing PGS. Maternal genetic risk score constituted of only “vasculature-related” BP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was constructed to examine the involvement of vascular genes in the mediation effect of placental weight. We identified gestational week in which maternal SBP-increasing PGS significantly decreased fetal growth velocity. Results We observed that maternal SBP-increasing PGS was negatively associated with offspring birth weight. A causal mediation analysis revealed that a large proportion of the total maternal PGS effect on birth weight was mediated by placental weight. The placental mediation effect was remarkable when genetic risk score was constituted of “vasculature-related” BP SNPs. The inverse association between maternal SBP PGS and fetal growth velocity only became apparent in late gestation. Conclusions Our study suggests that maternal hypertension genes are strongly associated with placental growth and that fetal growth inhibition is induced through the intrauterine environment established by the placenta. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Noriko Sato Ayako Fudono Chihiro Imai Hidemi Takimoto Iori Tarui Tomoko Aoyama Satoshi Yago Motoko Okamitsu Shuki Mizutani Naoyuki Miyasaka |
| author_facet |
Noriko Sato Ayako Fudono Chihiro Imai Hidemi Takimoto Iori Tarui Tomoko Aoyama Satoshi Yago Motoko Okamitsu Shuki Mizutani Naoyuki Miyasaka |
| author_sort |
Noriko Sato |
| title |
Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| title_short |
Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| title_full |
Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| title_fullStr |
Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| title_sort |
placenta mediates the effect of maternal hypertension polygenic score on offspring birth weight: a study of birth cohort with fetal growth velocity data |
| publisher |
BMC |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/9f27a7d18fa848a49bffade8115555e0 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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| _version_ |
1718442646524919808 |