Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers

Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia...

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Autores principales:	Martin Hruby, Irma Ivette Santana Martínez, Holger Stephan, Pavla Pouckova, Jiri Benes, Petr Stepanek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	iron copper polymer chelator Wilson’s disease hemochromatosis Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9f4c59362f0e453cbcad55855ae255cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9f4c59362f0e453cbcad55855ae255cf2021-11-25T18:48:52ZChelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers10.3390/polym132239692073-4360https://doaj.org/article/9f4c59362f0e453cbcad55855ae255cf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3969https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia infusion therapy or due to hereditary diseases hemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease. The current golden standard of therapy of iron and copper overload is the use of low-molecular-weight chelators of these elements. However, these agents suffer from severe side effects, are often expensive and possess unfavorable pharmacokinetics, thus limiting the usability of such therapy. The emerging concepts are polymer-supported iron- and copper-chelating therapeutics, either for parenteral or oral use, which shows vivid potential to keep the therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular-weight agents, while avoiding their drawbacks, especially their side effects. Critical evaluation of this new perspective polymer approach is the purpose of this review article.Martin HrubyIrma Ivette Santana MartínezHolger StephanPavla PouckovaJiri BenesPetr StepanekMDPI AGarticleironcopperpolymerchelatorWilson’s diseasehemochromatosisOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3969, p 3969 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	iron copper polymer chelator Wilson’s disease hemochromatosis Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	iron copper polymer chelator Wilson’s disease hemochromatosis Organic chemistry QD241-441 Martin Hruby Irma Ivette Santana Martínez Holger Stephan Pavla Pouckova Jiri Benes Petr Stepanek Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
description	Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia infusion therapy or due to hereditary diseases hemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease. The current golden standard of therapy of iron and copper overload is the use of low-molecular-weight chelators of these elements. However, these agents suffer from severe side effects, are often expensive and possess unfavorable pharmacokinetics, thus limiting the usability of such therapy. The emerging concepts are polymer-supported iron- and copper-chelating therapeutics, either for parenteral or oral use, which shows vivid potential to keep the therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular-weight agents, while avoiding their drawbacks, especially their side effects. Critical evaluation of this new perspective polymer approach is the purpose of this review article.
format	article
author	Martin Hruby Irma Ivette Santana Martínez Holger Stephan Pavla Pouckova Jiri Benes Petr Stepanek
author_facet	Martin Hruby Irma Ivette Santana Martínez Holger Stephan Pavla Pouckova Jiri Benes Petr Stepanek
author_sort	Martin Hruby
title	Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
title_short	Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
title_full	Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
title_fullStr	Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
title_full_unstemmed	Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers
title_sort	chelators for treatment of iron and copper overload: shift from low-molecular-weight compounds to polymers
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9f4c59362f0e453cbcad55855ae255cf
work_keys_str_mv	AT martinhruby chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers AT irmaivettesantanamartinez chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers AT holgerstephan chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers AT pavlapouckova chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers AT jiribenes chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers AT petrstepanek chelatorsfortreatmentofironandcopperoverloadshiftfromlowmolecularweightcompoundstopolymers
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Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers

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