First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination

Abstract Current advanced imaging modalities with applied tracing and processing techniques provide excellent visualization of almost all human internal structures in situ; however, the actual 3D internal arrangement of the human cardiac conduction system (CCS) is still unknown. This study is the fi...

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Autores principales:	Tomokazu Kawashima, Fumi Sato
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9f7d07903dc54775830ea74f55d8d4a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9f7d07903dc54775830ea74f55d8d4a42021-12-02T17:33:00ZFirst in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination10.1038/s41598-021-88109-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/9f7d07903dc54775830ea74f55d8d4a42021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88109-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Current advanced imaging modalities with applied tracing and processing techniques provide excellent visualization of almost all human internal structures in situ; however, the actual 3D internal arrangement of the human cardiac conduction system (CCS) is still unknown. This study is the first to document the successful 3D visualization of the CCS from the sinus node to the bundle branches within the human body, based on our specialized physical micro-dissection and its CT imaging. The 3D CCS transformation by cardiac inclination changes from the standing to the lying position is also provided. Both actual dissection and its CT image-based simulation identified that when the cardiac inclination changed from standing to lying, the sinus node shifted from the dorso-superior to the right outer position and the atrioventricular conduction axis changed from a vertical to a leftward horizontal position. In situ localization of the human CCS provides accurate anatomical localization with morphometric data, and it indicates the useful correlation between heart inclination and CCS rotation axes for predicting the variable and invisible human CCS in the living body. Advances in future imaging modalities and methodology are essential for further accurate in situ 3D CCS visualization.Tomokazu KawashimaFumi SatoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tomokazu Kawashima Fumi Sato First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
description	Abstract Current advanced imaging modalities with applied tracing and processing techniques provide excellent visualization of almost all human internal structures in situ; however, the actual 3D internal arrangement of the human cardiac conduction system (CCS) is still unknown. This study is the first to document the successful 3D visualization of the CCS from the sinus node to the bundle branches within the human body, based on our specialized physical micro-dissection and its CT imaging. The 3D CCS transformation by cardiac inclination changes from the standing to the lying position is also provided. Both actual dissection and its CT image-based simulation identified that when the cardiac inclination changed from standing to lying, the sinus node shifted from the dorso-superior to the right outer position and the atrioventricular conduction axis changed from a vertical to a leftward horizontal position. In situ localization of the human CCS provides accurate anatomical localization with morphometric data, and it indicates the useful correlation between heart inclination and CCS rotation axes for predicting the variable and invisible human CCS in the living body. Advances in future imaging modalities and methodology are essential for further accurate in situ 3D CCS visualization.
format	article
author	Tomokazu Kawashima Fumi Sato
author_facet	Tomokazu Kawashima Fumi Sato
author_sort	Tomokazu Kawashima
title	First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
title_short	First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
title_full	First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
title_fullStr	First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
title_full_unstemmed	First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
title_sort	first in situ 3d visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9f7d07903dc54775830ea74f55d8d4a4
work_keys_str_mv	AT tomokazukawashima firstinsitu3dvisualizationofthehumancardiacconductionsystemanditstransformationassociatedwithheartcontourandinclination AT fumisato firstinsitu3dvisualizationofthehumancardiacconductionsystemanditstransformationassociatedwithheartcontourandinclination
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First in situ 3D visualization of the human cardiac conduction system and its transformation associated with heart contour and inclination

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