Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]

Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a widely distributed human pathogen that is known for its ulcerative lesions at the infection site. HSV can cause persistent infection in the host that is often followed by a period of latency within the neurons. Considering the high rate of HIV infection in...

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Autores principales:	Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan, Nomathamsanqa Patricia Sithebe, Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	F1000 Research Ltd 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/9ff6fd185a914d369a5da342026039b5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:9ff6fd185a914d369a5da342026039b52021-11-22T12:41:06ZSeroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]2046-140210.12688/f1000research.28105.4https://doaj.org/article/9ff6fd185a914d369a5da342026039b52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://f1000research.com/articles/10-105/v4https://doaj.org/toc/2046-1402Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a widely distributed human pathogen that is known for its ulcerative lesions at the infection site. HSV can cause persistent infection in the host that is often followed by a period of latency within the neurons. Considering the high rate of HIV infection in South Africa, it is important to assess the seroprevalence of HSV with a focus to determine the epidemiological association between HSV-DNA and HIV-1 in the population. Methods: A total of 44 sera samples were screened for HSV and HIV-1 using the highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISA positive samples were characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the positivity of both viruses and to further differentiate HSV into HSV-1 and -2. Thereafter, the samples were analysed for relatedness using phylogenetic analysis. Results: Of the 44 samples, 36 (81.8%) were positive for HIV-1, while 35 (79.5%) were positive for HSV when screened with ELISA kits. The PCR results, with the use of type specific primers, showed that 4/35 (11.4%) samples were specific for HSV-1 while 30/35 (85.7%) were specific for HSV-2. Statistical analysis performed using the chi-squared goodness-of-fit test showed that there is a significant relationship between HSV-2 and HIV-1 transmission. Conclusions: There is a significant positive association between HSV-2 and HIV-1 in the study population. Our study shows that some of the HSV-2 isolates are not related to the clinical isolate SD90e from South Africa, suggesting diversity in HSV-2 viral transmission.Oluwafemi Samuel ObisesanNomathamsanqa Patricia SithebeHazel Tumelo MufhanduF1000 Research LtdarticleMedicineRScienceQENF1000Research, Vol 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan Nomathamsanqa Patricia Sithebe Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
description	Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a widely distributed human pathogen that is known for its ulcerative lesions at the infection site. HSV can cause persistent infection in the host that is often followed by a period of latency within the neurons. Considering the high rate of HIV infection in South Africa, it is important to assess the seroprevalence of HSV with a focus to determine the epidemiological association between HSV-DNA and HIV-1 in the population. Methods: A total of 44 sera samples were screened for HSV and HIV-1 using the highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISA positive samples were characterized using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the positivity of both viruses and to further differentiate HSV into HSV-1 and -2. Thereafter, the samples were analysed for relatedness using phylogenetic analysis. Results: Of the 44 samples, 36 (81.8%) were positive for HIV-1, while 35 (79.5%) were positive for HSV when screened with ELISA kits. The PCR results, with the use of type specific primers, showed that 4/35 (11.4%) samples were specific for HSV-1 while 30/35 (85.7%) were specific for HSV-2. Statistical analysis performed using the chi-squared goodness-of-fit test showed that there is a significant relationship between HSV-2 and HIV-1 transmission. Conclusions: There is a significant positive association between HSV-2 and HIV-1 in the study population. Our study shows that some of the HSV-2 isolates are not related to the clinical isolate SD90e from South Africa, suggesting diversity in HSV-2 viral transmission.
format	article
author	Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan Nomathamsanqa Patricia Sithebe Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu
author_facet	Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan Nomathamsanqa Patricia Sithebe Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu
author_sort	Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan
title	Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
title_short	Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
title_full	Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
title_fullStr	Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
title_full_unstemmed	Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
title_sort	seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in south africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
publisher	F1000 Research Ltd
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/9ff6fd185a914d369a5da342026039b5
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Seroprevalence and characterisation of herpes simplex virus from human immunodeficiency virus in samples collected from two provinces in South Africa: a retrospective study [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]

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