Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica

Treefrogs represent 22% of amphibian species in Costa Rica, but gaps in the knowledge about this group of amphibians can impede conservation efforts. In this study, we first updated the status of Costa Rican treefrogs and found that a total of 38% of treefrog species are threatened according to the...

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Autores principales:	Héctor Zumbado-Ulate, Catherine L. Searle, Gerardo Chaves, Víctor Acosta-Chaves, Alex Shepack, Stanley Salazar, Adrián García-Rodríguez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	amphibians <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> diversity remnant populations threats species distribution models Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a005fdef29f94c81b7d7a2e9853ad90d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a005fdef29f94c81b7d7a2e9853ad90d2021-11-25T17:22:50ZAssessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica10.3390/d131105771424-2818https://doaj.org/article/a005fdef29f94c81b7d7a2e9853ad90d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/11/577https://doaj.org/toc/1424-2818Treefrogs represent 22% of amphibian species in Costa Rica, but gaps in the knowledge about this group of amphibians can impede conservation efforts. In this study, we first updated the status of Costa Rican treefrogs and found that a total of 38% of treefrog species are threatened according to the most recent IUCN assessment in 2019. Additionally, 21% of Costa Rican treefrog species have a high vulnerability to extinction according to environmental vulnerability scores. Then, we predicted the historical climatic suitability of eight target species that we expected to have exhibited changes in their ranges in the last 20 years. We assessed the location of new occurrence records since 2000 to identify recovery, range expansion, or previously underestimated ranges due to methodological limitations. We also estimated the area of each species’ suitable habitat with two metrics: extent of suitable habitat (ESH) and area of minimum convex polygon (A<sub>MCP</sub>). Six declined species exhibited recovery (i.e., new occurrences across historical range after 2000), with the widest recovery found in <i>Agalychnis annae.</i> We also found that <i>Isthmohyla pseudopuma</i> appears to have spread after the decline of sympatric species and that the range of <i>I. sukia</i> was originally underestimated due to inadequate detection. We found that the ESH was 32–49% smaller than the A<sub>MCP</sub> for species that are slowly recovering; however, the ESH is similar or greater than the A<sub>MCP</sub> for species that are recovering in most of their ranges, as well as rare species with widespread ranges. Results of this work can be used to evaluate the risk of environmental threats and prioritize regions for conservation purposes.Héctor Zumbado-UlateCatherine L. SearleGerardo ChavesVíctor Acosta-ChavesAlex ShepackStanley SalazarAdrián García-RodríguezMDPI AGarticleamphibians<i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i>diversityremnant populationsthreatsspecies distribution modelsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENDiversity, Vol 13, Iss 577, p 577 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	amphibians <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> diversity remnant populations threats species distribution models Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	amphibians <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> diversity remnant populations threats species distribution models Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Héctor Zumbado-Ulate Catherine L. Searle Gerardo Chaves Víctor Acosta-Chaves Alex Shepack Stanley Salazar Adrián García-Rodríguez Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
description	Treefrogs represent 22% of amphibian species in Costa Rica, but gaps in the knowledge about this group of amphibians can impede conservation efforts. In this study, we first updated the status of Costa Rican treefrogs and found that a total of 38% of treefrog species are threatened according to the most recent IUCN assessment in 2019. Additionally, 21% of Costa Rican treefrog species have a high vulnerability to extinction according to environmental vulnerability scores. Then, we predicted the historical climatic suitability of eight target species that we expected to have exhibited changes in their ranges in the last 20 years. We assessed the location of new occurrence records since 2000 to identify recovery, range expansion, or previously underestimated ranges due to methodological limitations. We also estimated the area of each species’ suitable habitat with two metrics: extent of suitable habitat (ESH) and area of minimum convex polygon (A<sub>MCP</sub>). Six declined species exhibited recovery (i.e., new occurrences across historical range after 2000), with the widest recovery found in <i>Agalychnis annae.</i> We also found that <i>Isthmohyla pseudopuma</i> appears to have spread after the decline of sympatric species and that the range of <i>I. sukia</i> was originally underestimated due to inadequate detection. We found that the ESH was 32–49% smaller than the A<sub>MCP</sub> for species that are slowly recovering; however, the ESH is similar or greater than the A<sub>MCP</sub> for species that are recovering in most of their ranges, as well as rare species with widespread ranges. Results of this work can be used to evaluate the risk of environmental threats and prioritize regions for conservation purposes.
format	article
author	Héctor Zumbado-Ulate Catherine L. Searle Gerardo Chaves Víctor Acosta-Chaves Alex Shepack Stanley Salazar Adrián García-Rodríguez
author_facet	Héctor Zumbado-Ulate Catherine L. Searle Gerardo Chaves Víctor Acosta-Chaves Alex Shepack Stanley Salazar Adrián García-Rodríguez
author_sort	Héctor Zumbado-Ulate
title	Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
title_short	Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
title_full	Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
title_fullStr	Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
title_full_unstemmed	Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica
title_sort	assessing suitable habitats for treefrog species after previous declines in costa rica
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a005fdef29f94c81b7d7a2e9853ad90d
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Assessing Suitable Habitats for Treefrog Species after Previous Declines in Costa Rica

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