The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study

Derek N Pamukoff,1 Eric C Haakonssen,1 Joseph A Zaccaria,1 Michael L Madigan,2 Michael E Miller,3 Anthony P Marsh1 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; 2Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech-Wake...

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Autores principales:	Pamukoff DN, Haakonssen EC, Zaccaria JA, Madigan ML, Miller ME, Marsh AP
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	resistance exercise falls muscle strength muscle power older adults Geriatrics RC952-954.6
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a027d1dbb9994bf1a2ca72169da22e48
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a027d1dbb9994bf1a2ca72169da22e482021-12-02T00:52:17ZThe effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study1178-1998https://doaj.org/article/a027d1dbb9994bf1a2ca72169da22e482014-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-effects-of-strength-and-power-training-on-single-step-balance-reco-peer-reviewed-article-CIAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-1998Derek N Pamukoff,1 Eric C Haakonssen,1 Joseph A Zaccaria,1 Michael L Madigan,2 Michael E Miller,3 Anthony P Marsh1 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; 2Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA; 3Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA Abstract: Improving muscle strength and power may mitigate the effects of sarcopenia, but it is unknown if this improves an older adult's ability to recover from a large postural perturbation. Forward tripping is prevalent in older adults and lateral falls are important due to risk of hip fracture. We used a forward and a lateral single-step balance recovery task to examine the effects of strength training (ST) or power (PT) training on single-step balance recovery in older adults. Twenty older adults (70.8±4.4 years, eleven male) were randomly assigned to either a 6-week (three times/week) lower extremity ST or PT intervention. Maximum forward (FLeanmax) and lateral (LLeanmax) lean angle and strength and power in knee extension and leg press were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Fifteen participants completed the study (ST =7, PT =8). Least squares means (95% CI) for ΔFLeanmax (ST: +4.1° [0.7, 7.5]; PT: +0.6° [–2.5, 3.8]) and ΔLLeanmax (ST: +2.2° [0.4, 4.1]; PT: +2.6° [0.9, 4.4]) indicated no differences between groups following training. In exploratory post hoc analyses collapsed by group, ΔFLeanmax was +2.4° (0.1, 4.7) and ΔLLeanmax was +2.4° (1.2, 3.6). These improvements on the balance recovery tasks ranged from ~15%–30%. The results of this preliminary study suggest that resistance training may improve balance recovery performance, and that, in this small sample, PT did not lead to larger improvements in single-step balance recovery compared to ST. Keywords: resistance exercise, falls, muscle strength, muscle power, exercise intervention, randomized trialPamukoff DNHaakonssen ECZaccaria JAMadigan MLMiller MEMarsh APDove Medical Pressarticleresistance exercisefallsmuscle strengthmuscle powerolder adultsGeriatricsRC952-954.6ENClinical Interventions in Aging, Vol Volume 9, Pp 697-704 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	resistance exercise falls muscle strength muscle power older adults Geriatrics RC952-954.6
spellingShingle	resistance exercise falls muscle strength muscle power older adults Geriatrics RC952-954.6 Pamukoff DN Haakonssen EC Zaccaria JA Madigan ML Miller ME Marsh AP The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
description	Derek N Pamukoff,1 Eric C Haakonssen,1 Joseph A Zaccaria,1 Michael L Madigan,2 Michael E Miller,3 Anthony P Marsh1 1Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; 2Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Center for Gerontology, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA; 3Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA Abstract: Improving muscle strength and power may mitigate the effects of sarcopenia, but it is unknown if this improves an older adult's ability to recover from a large postural perturbation. Forward tripping is prevalent in older adults and lateral falls are important due to risk of hip fracture. We used a forward and a lateral single-step balance recovery task to examine the effects of strength training (ST) or power (PT) training on single-step balance recovery in older adults. Twenty older adults (70.8±4.4 years, eleven male) were randomly assigned to either a 6-week (three times/week) lower extremity ST or PT intervention. Maximum forward (FLeanmax) and lateral (LLeanmax) lean angle and strength and power in knee extension and leg press were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Fifteen participants completed the study (ST =7, PT =8). Least squares means (95% CI) for ΔFLeanmax (ST: +4.1° [0.7, 7.5]; PT: +0.6° [–2.5, 3.8]) and ΔLLeanmax (ST: +2.2° [0.4, 4.1]; PT: +2.6° [0.9, 4.4]) indicated no differences between groups following training. In exploratory post hoc analyses collapsed by group, ΔFLeanmax was +2.4° (0.1, 4.7) and ΔLLeanmax was +2.4° (1.2, 3.6). These improvements on the balance recovery tasks ranged from ~15%–30%. The results of this preliminary study suggest that resistance training may improve balance recovery performance, and that, in this small sample, PT did not lead to larger improvements in single-step balance recovery compared to ST. Keywords: resistance exercise, falls, muscle strength, muscle power, exercise intervention, randomized trial
format	article
author	Pamukoff DN Haakonssen EC Zaccaria JA Madigan ML Miller ME Marsh AP
author_facet	Pamukoff DN Haakonssen EC Zaccaria JA Madigan ML Miller ME Marsh AP
author_sort	Pamukoff DN
title	The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
title_short	The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
title_full	The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
title_fullStr	The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
title_sort	effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/a027d1dbb9994bf1a2ca72169da22e48
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The effects of strength and power training on single-step balance recovery in older adults: a preliminary study

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