Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders

A design method for a broadband and wide-angle metamaterial absorber is proposed based on optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels on and implantation of metal cylinders inside an acrylic substrate for which the backside is blocked by the perfect conductor. First, an intermediate carbon metapattern i...

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Autores principales:	Yongjune Kim, Jeong-Hae Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hexagonal metamaterial absorber broadband wide angle rhombus tiling carbon copper cylinders Mathematics QA1-939
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a05914b7c5cd4743833c39a10a6b44e6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a05914b7c5cd4743833c39a10a6b44e62021-11-25T19:06:17ZDesign of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders10.3390/sym131120452073-8994https://doaj.org/article/a05914b7c5cd4743833c39a10a6b44e62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/11/2045https://doaj.org/toc/2073-8994A design method for a broadband and wide-angle metamaterial absorber is proposed based on optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels on and implantation of metal cylinders inside an acrylic substrate for which the backside is blocked by the perfect conductor. First, an intermediate carbon metapattern is achieved via optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels based on the genetic algorithm (GA), which can minimize the reflectances of both of the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized electromagnetic (EM) waves for the incident angles <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> simultaneously. Then, copper cylinders are implanted inside the substrate to boost the absorptions of both of the TE and TM polarizations for the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> oblique incidences. To extend the absorption bandwidth, the design is finalized by evolving the intermediate metapattern using the GA. Based on the finalized carbon metapattern, the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>90</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> absorption bandwidth is confirmed in the frequency range 8.8 to 11.6 GHz, for which the fractional bandwidth is <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>27.5</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for both of the two polarizations with the incident angles from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The proposed method could open a way to design a broadband and wide-angle EM metamaterial absorber that can be applied to the edges of three-dimensional structures such as a regular tetrahedron or square pyramid that have interior angles of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> that cannot be covered by conventional square or rectangular metamaterial absorbers.Yongjune KimJeong-Hae LeeMDPI AGarticlehexagonal metamaterial absorberbroadbandwide anglerhombus tilingcarboncopper cylindersMathematicsQA1-939ENSymmetry, Vol 13, Iss 2045, p 2045 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hexagonal metamaterial absorber broadband wide angle rhombus tiling carbon copper cylinders Mathematics QA1-939
spellingShingle	hexagonal metamaterial absorber broadband wide angle rhombus tiling carbon copper cylinders Mathematics QA1-939 Yongjune Kim Jeong-Hae Lee Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
description	A design method for a broadband and wide-angle metamaterial absorber is proposed based on optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels on and implantation of metal cylinders inside an acrylic substrate for which the backside is blocked by the perfect conductor. First, an intermediate carbon metapattern is achieved via optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels based on the genetic algorithm (GA), which can minimize the reflectances of both of the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized electromagnetic (EM) waves for the incident angles <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> simultaneously. Then, copper cylinders are implanted inside the substrate to boost the absorptions of both of the TE and TM polarizations for the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> oblique incidences. To extend the absorption bandwidth, the design is finalized by evolving the intermediate metapattern using the GA. Based on the finalized carbon metapattern, the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>90</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> absorption bandwidth is confirmed in the frequency range 8.8 to 11.6 GHz, for which the fractional bandwidth is <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>27.5</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for both of the two polarizations with the incident angles from <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The proposed method could open a way to design a broadband and wide-angle EM metamaterial absorber that can be applied to the edges of three-dimensional structures such as a regular tetrahedron or square pyramid that have interior angles of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mn>60</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> that cannot be covered by conventional square or rectangular metamaterial absorbers.
format	article
author	Yongjune Kim Jeong-Hae Lee
author_facet	Yongjune Kim Jeong-Hae Lee
author_sort	Yongjune Kim
title	Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
title_short	Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
title_full	Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
title_fullStr	Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
title_full_unstemmed	Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders
title_sort	design of broadband and wide-angle hexagonal metamaterial absorber based on optimal tiling of rhombus carbon pixels and implantation of copper cylinders
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a05914b7c5cd4743833c39a10a6b44e6
work_keys_str_mv	AT yongjunekim designofbroadbandandwideanglehexagonalmetamaterialabsorberbasedonoptimaltilingofrhombuscarbonpixelsandimplantationofcoppercylinders AT jeonghaelee designofbroadbandandwideanglehexagonalmetamaterialabsorberbasedonoptimaltilingofrhombuscarbonpixelsandimplantationofcoppercylinders
_version_	1718410294925983744

Design of Broadband and Wide-Angle Hexagonal Metamaterial Absorber Based on Optimal Tiling of Rhombus Carbon Pixels and Implantation of Copper Cylinders

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