Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins

Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are chronic organ-specific autoimmune diseases, mainly including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Exosomes, as extracellular vesicles, contain a variety of biologically active substances that play a role in information exchange, thereby affec...

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Autores principales:	Xi Jia, Tianyu Zhai, Jin-an Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) exosome proteomics Graves’ disease Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a06ac0c79e0d4748ae648831c053665d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a06ac0c79e0d4748ae648831c053665d2021-11-11T08:45:04ZCirculating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.730089https://doaj.org/article/a06ac0c79e0d4748ae648831c053665d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.730089/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are chronic organ-specific autoimmune diseases, mainly including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Exosomes, as extracellular vesicles, contain a variety of biologically active substances that play a role in information exchange, thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of diseases. However, it is unclear whether exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of AITDs. In this study, the role of exosomes in AITDs was explored from a proteomics perspective. Plasma exosomes were isolated from 12 patients with GD, 10 patients with HT, and seven normal controls (NC). Protein profiles were detected using the data-independent acquisition (DIA) method and analyzed to investigate changes in plasma exosome proteins. In the setting of GD, 11 proteins were upregulated while 197 proteins were downregulated compared with healthy people. Among them, MAP1S (log2 FC = 4.669, p = 0.009) and VAMP8 (log2 FC = 3.216, p = 0.003) were the most significantly upregulated, and RSU1 (log2 FC = −6.797, p = 0.001), ACTB (log2 FC = −4.795, p < 0.001), and CXCL7 (log2 FC = −4.674, p < 0.001) were the most significantly downregulated. In the cases of HT, HGFL (log2 FC = 2.766, p = 0.001), FAK1 (log2 FC = 2.213, p < 0.001), and PTN12 (log2 FC = 1.624, p < 0.001) were significantly upregulated, while PSMF1 (log2 FC = −3.591, p < 0.001), PXL2B (log2 FC = −2.622, p = 0.001), and CYTM (log2 FC = −1.609, p < 0.001) were the most downregulated. These differential proteins were mainly enriched in the immune system and metabolic system, indicating that plasma exosomes may play an important role in systemic immune imbalance in AITDs.Xi JiaTianyu ZhaiTianyu ZhaiJin-an ZhangFrontiers Media S.A.articleautoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs)exosomeproteomicsGraves’ diseaseHashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT)Immunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) exosome proteomics Graves’ disease Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) exosome proteomics Graves’ disease Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Xi Jia Tianyu Zhai Tianyu Zhai Jin-an Zhang Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
description	Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are chronic organ-specific autoimmune diseases, mainly including Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Exosomes, as extracellular vesicles, contain a variety of biologically active substances that play a role in information exchange, thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of diseases. However, it is unclear whether exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of AITDs. In this study, the role of exosomes in AITDs was explored from a proteomics perspective. Plasma exosomes were isolated from 12 patients with GD, 10 patients with HT, and seven normal controls (NC). Protein profiles were detected using the data-independent acquisition (DIA) method and analyzed to investigate changes in plasma exosome proteins. In the setting of GD, 11 proteins were upregulated while 197 proteins were downregulated compared with healthy people. Among them, MAP1S (log2 FC = 4.669, p = 0.009) and VAMP8 (log2 FC = 3.216, p = 0.003) were the most significantly upregulated, and RSU1 (log2 FC = −6.797, p = 0.001), ACTB (log2 FC = −4.795, p < 0.001), and CXCL7 (log2 FC = −4.674, p < 0.001) were the most significantly downregulated. In the cases of HT, HGFL (log2 FC = 2.766, p = 0.001), FAK1 (log2 FC = 2.213, p < 0.001), and PTN12 (log2 FC = 1.624, p < 0.001) were significantly upregulated, while PSMF1 (log2 FC = −3.591, p < 0.001), PXL2B (log2 FC = −2.622, p = 0.001), and CYTM (log2 FC = −1.609, p < 0.001) were the most downregulated. These differential proteins were mainly enriched in the immune system and metabolic system, indicating that plasma exosomes may play an important role in systemic immune imbalance in AITDs.
format	article
author	Xi Jia Tianyu Zhai Tianyu Zhai Jin-an Zhang
author_facet	Xi Jia Tianyu Zhai Tianyu Zhai Jin-an Zhang
author_sort	Xi Jia
title	Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
title_short	Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
title_full	Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
title_fullStr	Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
title_full_unstemmed	Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins
title_sort	circulating exosome involves in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases through immunomodulatory proteins
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a06ac0c79e0d4748ae648831c053665d
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Circulating Exosome Involves in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases Through Immunomodulatory Proteins

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