Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation

Exercise has beneficial effects on human health and is affected by two different pathways; motoneuron and endocrine. For the advancement of exercise research, <i>in vitro</i> exercise models are essential. We established two <i>in vitro</i> exercise models using C2C12 myotube...

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Autores principales:	Taku Fukushima, Miho Takata, Ayano Kato, Takayuki Uchida, Takeshi Nikawa, Iori Sakakibara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	transcriptome skeletal muscle exercise RNA-seq EPS adrenaline Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a09847db25b04dd4b68369f3bceb88f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a09847db25b04dd4b68369f3bceb88f02021-11-11T15:24:13ZTranscriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation10.3390/app1121104362076-3417https://doaj.org/article/a09847db25b04dd4b68369f3bceb88f02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10436https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417Exercise has beneficial effects on human health and is affected by two different pathways; motoneuron and endocrine. For the advancement of exercise research, <i>in vitro</i> exercise models are essential. We established two <i>in vitro</i> exercise models using C2C12 myotubes; EPS (electrical pulse stimulation) for a motoneuron model and clenbuterol, a specific β2 adrenergic receptor agonist, treatment for an endocrine model. For clenbuterol treatment, we found that <i>Ppargc1a</i> was induced only in low glucose media (1 mg/mL) using a 1-h treatment of 30 ng/mL clenbuterol. Global transcriptional changes of clenbuterol treatment were analyzed by RNA-seq and gene ontology analyses and indicated that mitogenesis and the PI3K-Akt pathway were enhanced, which is consistent with the effects of exercise. Cxcl1 and Cxcl5 were identified as candidate myokines induced by adrenaline. As for the EPS model, we compared 1 Hz of 1-pulse EPS and 1 Hz of 10-pulse EPS for 24 h and determined <i>Myh</i> gene expressions. Ten-pulse EPS induced higher <i>Myh2</i> and <i>Myh7</i> expression. Global transcriptional changes of 10-pulse EPS were also analyzed using RNA-seq, and gene ontology analyses indicated that CaMK signaling and hypertrophy pathways were enhanced, which is also consistent with the effects of exercise. In this paper, we provided two transcriptome results of <i>in vitro</i> exercise models and these databases will contribute to advances in exercise research.Taku FukushimaMiho TakataAyano KatoTakayuki UchidaTakeshi NikawaIori SakakibaraMDPI AGarticletranscriptomeskeletal muscleexerciseRNA-seqEPSadrenalineTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10436, p 10436 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	transcriptome skeletal muscle exercise RNA-seq EPS adrenaline Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	transcriptome skeletal muscle exercise RNA-seq EPS adrenaline Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Taku Fukushima Miho Takata Ayano Kato Takayuki Uchida Takeshi Nikawa Iori Sakakibara Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
description	Exercise has beneficial effects on human health and is affected by two different pathways; motoneuron and endocrine. For the advancement of exercise research, <i>in vitro</i> exercise models are essential. We established two <i>in vitro</i> exercise models using C2C12 myotubes; EPS (electrical pulse stimulation) for a motoneuron model and clenbuterol, a specific β2 adrenergic receptor agonist, treatment for an endocrine model. For clenbuterol treatment, we found that <i>Ppargc1a</i> was induced only in low glucose media (1 mg/mL) using a 1-h treatment of 30 ng/mL clenbuterol. Global transcriptional changes of clenbuterol treatment were analyzed by RNA-seq and gene ontology analyses and indicated that mitogenesis and the PI3K-Akt pathway were enhanced, which is consistent with the effects of exercise. Cxcl1 and Cxcl5 were identified as candidate myokines induced by adrenaline. As for the EPS model, we compared 1 Hz of 1-pulse EPS and 1 Hz of 10-pulse EPS for 24 h and determined <i>Myh</i> gene expressions. Ten-pulse EPS induced higher <i>Myh2</i> and <i>Myh7</i> expression. Global transcriptional changes of 10-pulse EPS were also analyzed using RNA-seq, and gene ontology analyses indicated that CaMK signaling and hypertrophy pathways were enhanced, which is also consistent with the effects of exercise. In this paper, we provided two transcriptome results of <i>in vitro</i> exercise models and these databases will contribute to advances in exercise research.
format	article
author	Taku Fukushima Miho Takata Ayano Kato Takayuki Uchida Takeshi Nikawa Iori Sakakibara
author_facet	Taku Fukushima Miho Takata Ayano Kato Takayuki Uchida Takeshi Nikawa Iori Sakakibara
author_sort	Taku Fukushima
title	Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
title_short	Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
title_full	Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
title_fullStr	Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation
title_sort	transcriptome analyses of in vitro exercise models by clenbuterol supplementation or electrical pulse stimulation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a09847db25b04dd4b68369f3bceb88f0
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Transcriptome Analyses of In Vitro Exercise Models by Clenbuterol Supplementation or Electrical Pulse Stimulation

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