Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics

Stormwater ponds are a common way to handle stormwater and are used to retain pollutants through sedimentation. The ponds resemble small natural lakes and will be colonized by flora and fauna. How design with respect to age, ratio between wet volume and reduced catchment area and land use influences...

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Autores principales:	Anja Svane Kolath, Camilla S. Pedersen, Uffe L. Gangelhof, Sara Egemose
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	age ratio catchment type invertebrates biodiversity indexes metals Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a0da2fdea76e4dbf835f36d372a4a797
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a0da2fdea76e4dbf835f36d372a4a7972021-11-11T19:30:56ZBiodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics10.3390/su1321118092071-1050https://doaj.org/article/a0da2fdea76e4dbf835f36d372a4a7972021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11809https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Stormwater ponds are a common way to handle stormwater and are used to retain pollutants through sedimentation. The ponds resemble small natural lakes and will be colonized by flora and fauna. How design with respect to age, ratio between wet volume and reduced catchment area and land use influences the retention and how biodiversity is affected was examined. Age and ratio were determined in 135 and 59 ponds, respectively, and 12 of these ponds were selected for studies of dry weight (DW), organic matter (OM), total phosphorus (TP) and aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the sediment. Invertebrate biodiversity was determined by Shannon–Wiener index (H’) and Pielou Evenness (J). DW, OM, TP and metals in the sediment close to the outlet of the ponds were influenced by pond age and the volume/area ratio whereas the sediment in the inlet area was more affected by the catchment type. Biodiversity increased with increasing ratio, while age had no effect on the sediment biodiversity but some effect on the water phase biodiversity. Biodiversity decreased with higher OM and TP and tend to decrease with increasing metal content. Higher volume/area ratio results in less sediment accumulation which improves the biodiversity. More pollutants are accumulating with age, which negatively affects the biodiversity. In conclusion, pond ratio, catchment type and, to some extent, age effect the load of contaminants in the sediment and the pond biodiversity. Proper design and management are recommended as a mitigating measure.Anja Svane KolathCamilla S. PedersenUffe L. GangelhofSara EgemoseMDPI AGarticleageratiocatchment typeinvertebratesbiodiversity indexesmetalsEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11809, p 11809 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	age ratio catchment type invertebrates biodiversity indexes metals Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	age ratio catchment type invertebrates biodiversity indexes metals Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Anja Svane Kolath Camilla S. Pedersen Uffe L. Gangelhof Sara Egemose Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
description	Stormwater ponds are a common way to handle stormwater and are used to retain pollutants through sedimentation. The ponds resemble small natural lakes and will be colonized by flora and fauna. How design with respect to age, ratio between wet volume and reduced catchment area and land use influences the retention and how biodiversity is affected was examined. Age and ratio were determined in 135 and 59 ponds, respectively, and 12 of these ponds were selected for studies of dry weight (DW), organic matter (OM), total phosphorus (TP) and aluminum (Al), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the sediment. Invertebrate biodiversity was determined by Shannon–Wiener index (H’) and Pielou Evenness (J). DW, OM, TP and metals in the sediment close to the outlet of the ponds were influenced by pond age and the volume/area ratio whereas the sediment in the inlet area was more affected by the catchment type. Biodiversity increased with increasing ratio, while age had no effect on the sediment biodiversity but some effect on the water phase biodiversity. Biodiversity decreased with higher OM and TP and tend to decrease with increasing metal content. Higher volume/area ratio results in less sediment accumulation which improves the biodiversity. More pollutants are accumulating with age, which negatively affects the biodiversity. In conclusion, pond ratio, catchment type and, to some extent, age effect the load of contaminants in the sediment and the pond biodiversity. Proper design and management are recommended as a mitigating measure.
format	article
author	Anja Svane Kolath Camilla S. Pedersen Uffe L. Gangelhof Sara Egemose
author_facet	Anja Svane Kolath Camilla S. Pedersen Uffe L. Gangelhof Sara Egemose
author_sort	Anja Svane Kolath
title	Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
title_short	Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
title_full	Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
title_fullStr	Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
title_full_unstemmed	Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics
title_sort	biodiversity and sediment contamination in wet stormwater ponds depending on design and catchment characteristics
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a0da2fdea76e4dbf835f36d372a4a797
work_keys_str_mv	AT anjasvanekolath biodiversityandsedimentcontaminationinwetstormwaterpondsdependingondesignandcatchmentcharacteristics AT camillaspedersen biodiversityandsedimentcontaminationinwetstormwaterpondsdependingondesignandcatchmentcharacteristics AT uffelgangelhof biodiversityandsedimentcontaminationinwetstormwaterpondsdependingondesignandcatchmentcharacteristics AT saraegemose biodiversityandsedimentcontaminationinwetstormwaterpondsdependingondesignandcatchmentcharacteristics
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Biodiversity and Sediment Contamination in Wet Stormwater Ponds Depending on Design and Catchment Characteristics

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