Pain and pessimism: dairy calves exhibit negative judgement bias following hot-iron disbudding.
Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, but emotional states are difficult to directly assess in animals. Researchers have assessed pain using behavioural and physiological measures, but these approaches are limited to unde...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Language: | EN |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doaj.org/article/a0edda4f69b746fab07a0a84b2c4404b |
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