The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewisa/x and Sda: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation

Terminal carbohydrate structures are particularly relevant in oncology because they can serve as cancer markers and alter the phenotype of cancer cells. The Sda antigen and the sialyl Lewisx and sialyl Lewisa (sLex</s...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Fabio Dall’Olio, Michela Pucci, Nadia Malagolini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	glycosylation colorectal cancer Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen Sialyl Lewis antigens glycosyltransferases <i>B4GALNT2</i> Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a1262b217fdb4a2f87b5aef2c33b7823
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:a1262b217fdb4a2f87b5aef2c33b7823
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a1262b217fdb4a2f87b5aef2c33b78232021-11-11T15:26:48ZThe Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation10.3390/cancers132152732072-6694https://doaj.org/article/a1262b217fdb4a2f87b5aef2c33b78232021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5273https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Terminal carbohydrate structures are particularly relevant in oncology because they can serve as cancer markers and alter the phenotype of cancer cells. The Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen and the sialyl Lewis<sup>x</sup> and sialyl Lewis<sup>a</sup> (sLe<sup>x</sup> and sLe<sup>a</sup>) antigens are terminal structures whose biosynthesis is mutually exclusive. In this review, we describe the main features of the Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen in cancer and its relationship with sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. Information was obtained from an extensive literature search and from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) public database. The Sd<sup>a</sup> biosynthetic enzyme <i>B4GALNT2</i> undergoes downregulation in colorectal (CRC) and stomach cancer, while it is ectopically expressed by a minority of breast cancer (BRCA) patients. High expression of <i>B4GALNT2</i> is associated with better prognosis and a less malignant gene expression profile in CRC, while the opposite occurs in BRCA. The regulation of <i>B4GALNT2</i> expression in CRC is multifactorial, involving gene methylation and miRNA expression. Forced expression of <i>B4GALNT2</i> inhibited sLe<sup>a</sup>/sLe<sup>x</sup> and reduced malignancy and stemness in cells constitutively expressing sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. However, consistent effects were observed upon <i>B4GALNT2</i> forced expression and in cells not expressing sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. Thus, <i>B4GALNT2</i> and the Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen exert a tumor-restraining activity in CRC and probably other gastrointestinal cancers, independently of sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens.Fabio Dall’OlioMichela PucciNadia MalagoliniMDPI AGarticleglycosylationcolorectal cancerSd<sup>a</sup> antigenSialyl Lewis antigensglycosyltransferases<i>B4GALNT2</i>Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5273, p 5273 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	glycosylation colorectal cancer Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen Sialyl Lewis antigens glycosyltransferases <i>B4GALNT2</i> Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	glycosylation colorectal cancer Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen Sialyl Lewis antigens glycosyltransferases <i>B4GALNT2</i> Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Fabio Dall’Olio Michela Pucci Nadia Malagolini The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
description	Terminal carbohydrate structures are particularly relevant in oncology because they can serve as cancer markers and alter the phenotype of cancer cells. The Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen and the sialyl Lewis<sup>x</sup> and sialyl Lewis<sup>a</sup> (sLe<sup>x</sup> and sLe<sup>a</sup>) antigens are terminal structures whose biosynthesis is mutually exclusive. In this review, we describe the main features of the Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen in cancer and its relationship with sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. Information was obtained from an extensive literature search and from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) public database. The Sd<sup>a</sup> biosynthetic enzyme <i>B4GALNT2</i> undergoes downregulation in colorectal (CRC) and stomach cancer, while it is ectopically expressed by a minority of breast cancer (BRCA) patients. High expression of <i>B4GALNT2</i> is associated with better prognosis and a less malignant gene expression profile in CRC, while the opposite occurs in BRCA. The regulation of <i>B4GALNT2</i> expression in CRC is multifactorial, involving gene methylation and miRNA expression. Forced expression of <i>B4GALNT2</i> inhibited sLe<sup>a</sup>/sLe<sup>x</sup> and reduced malignancy and stemness in cells constitutively expressing sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. However, consistent effects were observed upon <i>B4GALNT2</i> forced expression and in cells not expressing sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens. Thus, <i>B4GALNT2</i> and the Sd<sup>a</sup> antigen exert a tumor-restraining activity in CRC and probably other gastrointestinal cancers, independently of sLe<sup>x/a</sup> antigens.
format	article
author	Fabio Dall’Olio Michela Pucci Nadia Malagolini
author_facet	Fabio Dall’Olio Michela Pucci Nadia Malagolini
author_sort	Fabio Dall’Olio
title	The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
title_short	The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
title_full	The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
title_fullStr	The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
title_full_unstemmed	The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation
title_sort	cancer-associated antigens sialyl lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and sd<sup>a</sup>: two opposite faces of terminal glycosylation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a1262b217fdb4a2f87b5aef2c33b7823
work_keys_str_mv	AT fabiodallolio thecancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation AT michelapucci thecancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation AT nadiamalagolini thecancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation AT fabiodallolio cancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation AT michelapucci cancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation AT nadiamalagolini cancerassociatedantigenssialyllewissupaxsupandsdsupasuptwooppositefacesofterminalglycosylation
_version_	1718435324790571008

The Cancer-Associated Antigens Sialyl Lewis<sup>a/x</sup> and Sd<sup>a</sup>: Two Opposite Faces of Terminal Glycosylation

Ejemplares similares