Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators

Drought stress requires plants to adjust their water balance to maintain tissue water levels. Isohydric plants (‘water-savers’) typically achieve this through stomatal closure, while anisohydric plants (‘water-wasters’) use osmotic adjustment and maintain stomatal conductance. Isohydry or anisohydry...

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Autores principales:	Olive Onyemaobi, Harriet Sangma, Gagan Garg, Xiaomei Wallace, Sue Kleven, Pipob Suwanchaikasem, Ute Roessner, Rudy Dolferus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	drought stress wheat stomatal conductance spike development transcriptome ABA Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a132be003e494e12b07f2ecf87fb9f40
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a132be003e494e12b07f2ecf87fb9f402021-11-25T17:41:25ZReproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators10.3390/genes121117422073-4425https://doaj.org/article/a132be003e494e12b07f2ecf87fb9f402021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1742https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Drought stress requires plants to adjust their water balance to maintain tissue water levels. Isohydric plants (‘water-savers’) typically achieve this through stomatal closure, while anisohydric plants (‘water-wasters’) use osmotic adjustment and maintain stomatal conductance. Isohydry or anisohydry allows plant species to adapt to different environments. In this paper we show that both mechanisms occur in bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). Wheat lines with reproductive drought-tolerance delay stomatal closure and are temporarily anisohydric, before closing stomata and become isohydric at higher threshold levels of drought stress. Drought-sensitive wheat is isohydric from the start of the drought treatment. The capacity of the drought-tolerant line to maintain stomatal conductance correlates with repression of ABA synthesis in spikes and flag leaves. Gene expression profiling revealed major differences in the drought response in spikes and flag leaves of both wheat lines. While the isohydric drought-sensitive line enters a passive growth mode (arrest of photosynthesis, protein translation), the tolerant line mounts a stronger stress defence response (ROS protection, LEA proteins, cuticle synthesis). The drought response of the tolerant line is characterised by a strong response in the spike, displaying enrichment of genes involved in auxin, cytokinin and ethylene metabolism/signalling. While isohydry may offer advantages for longer term drought stress, anisohydry may be more beneficial when drought stress occurs during the critical stages of wheat spike development, ultimately improving grain yield.Olive OnyemaobiHarriet SangmaGagan GargXiaomei WallaceSue KlevenPipob SuwanchaikasemUte RoessnerRudy DolferusMDPI AGarticledrought stresswheatstomatal conductancespike developmenttranscriptomeABAGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1742, p 1742 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	drought stress wheat stomatal conductance spike development transcriptome ABA Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	drought stress wheat stomatal conductance spike development transcriptome ABA Genetics QH426-470 Olive Onyemaobi Harriet Sangma Gagan Garg Xiaomei Wallace Sue Kleven Pipob Suwanchaikasem Ute Roessner Rudy Dolferus Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
description	Drought stress requires plants to adjust their water balance to maintain tissue water levels. Isohydric plants (‘water-savers’) typically achieve this through stomatal closure, while anisohydric plants (‘water-wasters’) use osmotic adjustment and maintain stomatal conductance. Isohydry or anisohydry allows plant species to adapt to different environments. In this paper we show that both mechanisms occur in bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). Wheat lines with reproductive drought-tolerance delay stomatal closure and are temporarily anisohydric, before closing stomata and become isohydric at higher threshold levels of drought stress. Drought-sensitive wheat is isohydric from the start of the drought treatment. The capacity of the drought-tolerant line to maintain stomatal conductance correlates with repression of ABA synthesis in spikes and flag leaves. Gene expression profiling revealed major differences in the drought response in spikes and flag leaves of both wheat lines. While the isohydric drought-sensitive line enters a passive growth mode (arrest of photosynthesis, protein translation), the tolerant line mounts a stronger stress defence response (ROS protection, LEA proteins, cuticle synthesis). The drought response of the tolerant line is characterised by a strong response in the spike, displaying enrichment of genes involved in auxin, cytokinin and ethylene metabolism/signalling. While isohydry may offer advantages for longer term drought stress, anisohydry may be more beneficial when drought stress occurs during the critical stages of wheat spike development, ultimately improving grain yield.
format	article
author	Olive Onyemaobi Harriet Sangma Gagan Garg Xiaomei Wallace Sue Kleven Pipob Suwanchaikasem Ute Roessner Rudy Dolferus
author_facet	Olive Onyemaobi Harriet Sangma Gagan Garg Xiaomei Wallace Sue Kleven Pipob Suwanchaikasem Ute Roessner Rudy Dolferus
author_sort	Olive Onyemaobi
title	Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
title_short	Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
title_full	Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
title_fullStr	Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
title_full_unstemmed	Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators
title_sort	reproductive stage drought tolerance in wheat: importance of stomatal conductance and plant growth regulators
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a132be003e494e12b07f2ecf87fb9f40
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Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Importance of Stomatal Conductance and Plant Growth Regulators

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