High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System

High-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for distributed power generation thanks to their high-power density, high efficiency, low emissions, fast start-up, and excellent dynamic characteristics, together with their high tolerance to CO poisoning (i.e., CO in t...

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Autores principales:	Gabriele Loreti, Andrea Luigi Facci, Stefano Ubertini
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine hybrid power plant combined heating and power partial oxidation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a16c520b1f314b5f88796dc05220757d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a16c520b1f314b5f88796dc05220757d2021-11-25T19:01:39ZHigh-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System10.3390/su1322125152071-1050https://doaj.org/article/a16c520b1f314b5f88796dc05220757d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12515https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050High-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for distributed power generation thanks to their high-power density, high efficiency, low emissions, fast start-up, and excellent dynamic characteristics, together with their high tolerance to CO poisoning (i.e., CO in the feed up to 3%). In this paper, we present an innovative, simple, and efficient hybrid high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine combined heat and power system whose fuel processor relies on partial oxidation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the state-of-the-art fuel processors based on steam reformation may not be the optimal choice for high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells’ power plants. Through steady-state modeling, we determine the optimal operating conditions and the performance of the proposed innovative power plant. The results show that the proposed hybrid combined heat and power system achieves an electrical efficiency close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>50</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and total efficiency of over <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>85</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, while a state-of-the-art system based on steam reformation has an electrical efficiency lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The proposed innovative plant consists of a regenerative scheme with a limited power ratio between the turbine and fuel cell and limited optimal compression ratio. Therefore, micro-gas turbines are the most fitting type of turbomachinery for the hybrid system.Gabriele LoretiAndrea Luigi FacciStefano UbertiniMDPI AGarticlehigh-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cellgas turbinehybrid power plantcombined heating and powerpartial oxidationEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12515, p 12515 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine hybrid power plant combined heating and power partial oxidation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine hybrid power plant combined heating and power partial oxidation Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Gabriele Loreti Andrea Luigi Facci Stefano Ubertini High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
description	High-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for distributed power generation thanks to their high-power density, high efficiency, low emissions, fast start-up, and excellent dynamic characteristics, together with their high tolerance to CO poisoning (i.e., CO in the feed up to 3%). In this paper, we present an innovative, simple, and efficient hybrid high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine combined heat and power system whose fuel processor relies on partial oxidation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the state-of-the-art fuel processors based on steam reformation may not be the optimal choice for high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells’ power plants. Through steady-state modeling, we determine the optimal operating conditions and the performance of the proposed innovative power plant. The results show that the proposed hybrid combined heat and power system achieves an electrical efficiency close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>50</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and total efficiency of over <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>85</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, while a state-of-the-art system based on steam reformation has an electrical efficiency lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The proposed innovative plant consists of a regenerative scheme with a limited power ratio between the turbine and fuel cell and limited optimal compression ratio. Therefore, micro-gas turbines are the most fitting type of turbomachinery for the hybrid system.
format	article
author	Gabriele Loreti Andrea Luigi Facci Stefano Ubertini
author_facet	Gabriele Loreti Andrea Luigi Facci Stefano Ubertini
author_sort	Gabriele Loreti
title	High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
title_short	High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
title_full	High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
title_fullStr	High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
title_full_unstemmed	High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System
title_sort	high-efficiency combined heat and power through a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid system
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a16c520b1f314b5f88796dc05220757d
work_keys_str_mv	AT gabrieleloreti highefficiencycombinedheatandpowerthroughahightemperaturepolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcellandgasturbinehybridsystem AT andrealuigifacci highefficiencycombinedheatandpowerthroughahightemperaturepolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcellandgasturbinehybridsystem AT stefanoubertini highefficiencycombinedheatandpowerthroughahightemperaturepolymerelectrolytemembranefuelcellandgasturbinehybridsystem
_version_	1718410422283927552

High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System

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