Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease
Abstract We aimed to investigate salivary caffeine content, caffeine absorption and metabolism in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and verify whether salivary caffeine can be used as a biomarker of PD. We enrolled 98 PD patients and 92 healthy subjects. Caffeine and its major metabolite, paraxanthine, were...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:a18969ffd7364c09aa30c41879aa4f472021-12-02T17:02:13ZSalivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease10.1038/s41598-021-89168-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a18969ffd7364c09aa30c41879aa4f472021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89168-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We aimed to investigate salivary caffeine content, caffeine absorption and metabolism in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and verify whether salivary caffeine can be used as a biomarker of PD. We enrolled 98 PD patients and 92 healthy subjects. Caffeine and its major metabolite, paraxanthine, were measured in saliva samples collected before and 4 h after the oral intake of caffeine (100 mg). We measured caffeine absorption as the normalized increase in caffeine levels, and caffeine metabolism as the paraxanthine/caffeine ratio. The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, the Hoehn & Yahr, the presence of motor complications, and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) were assessed and correlated with caffeine levels, absorption, and metabolism. The effects of demographic and environmental features possibly influencing caffeine levels were also investigated. Caffeine levels were decreased in patients with moderate/advanced PD, while caffeine levels were normal in patients with early and de-novo PD, unrelated to caffeine intake. Caffeine absorption and metabolism were normal in PD. Decreased salivary caffeine levels in PD were associated with higher disease severity, longer duration, and the presence of motor complications, no significant association was found with LED. Salivary caffeine decrease correlates with PD progression.Giorgio LeodoriMaria Ilenia De BartoloDaniele BelvisiAlessia CiogliAndrea FabbriniMatteo CostanzoSimone ManettoAntonella ConteClaudio VillaniGiovanni FabbriniAlfredo BerardelliNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Giorgio Leodori Maria Ilenia De Bartolo Daniele Belvisi Alessia Ciogli Andrea Fabbrini Matteo Costanzo Simone Manetto Antonella Conte Claudio Villani Giovanni Fabbrini Alfredo Berardelli Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| description |
Abstract We aimed to investigate salivary caffeine content, caffeine absorption and metabolism in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and verify whether salivary caffeine can be used as a biomarker of PD. We enrolled 98 PD patients and 92 healthy subjects. Caffeine and its major metabolite, paraxanthine, were measured in saliva samples collected before and 4 h after the oral intake of caffeine (100 mg). We measured caffeine absorption as the normalized increase in caffeine levels, and caffeine metabolism as the paraxanthine/caffeine ratio. The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, the Hoehn & Yahr, the presence of motor complications, and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) were assessed and correlated with caffeine levels, absorption, and metabolism. The effects of demographic and environmental features possibly influencing caffeine levels were also investigated. Caffeine levels were decreased in patients with moderate/advanced PD, while caffeine levels were normal in patients with early and de-novo PD, unrelated to caffeine intake. Caffeine absorption and metabolism were normal in PD. Decreased salivary caffeine levels in PD were associated with higher disease severity, longer duration, and the presence of motor complications, no significant association was found with LED. Salivary caffeine decrease correlates with PD progression. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Giorgio Leodori Maria Ilenia De Bartolo Daniele Belvisi Alessia Ciogli Andrea Fabbrini Matteo Costanzo Simone Manetto Antonella Conte Claudio Villani Giovanni Fabbrini Alfredo Berardelli |
| author_facet |
Giorgio Leodori Maria Ilenia De Bartolo Daniele Belvisi Alessia Ciogli Andrea Fabbrini Matteo Costanzo Simone Manetto Antonella Conte Claudio Villani Giovanni Fabbrini Alfredo Berardelli |
| author_sort |
Giorgio Leodori |
| title |
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_short |
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full |
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_fullStr |
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Salivary caffeine in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_sort |
salivary caffeine in parkinson’s disease |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/a18969ffd7364c09aa30c41879aa4f47 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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