Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?

Double Negative (DN) B cells constitute a B cell population that lacks expression of immunoglobulin D and CD27 memory marker. These cells expand in elderly healthy individuals, but also accumulate prematurely in autoimmune and infectious diseases. COVID-19 is a pandemic infectious disease caused by...

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Autores principales:	Athanasios Sachinidis, Alexandros Garyfallos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PCO Convin S.A. 2021
Materias:	double negative b cells dn2 rheumatic diseases lupus covid-19 pandemic Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a1a8e22766f24afbaaa115f272990e23
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a1a8e22766f24afbaaa115f272990e232021-11-08T08:28:47ZDouble Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?2529-198X10.31138/mjr.32.3.192https://doaj.org/article/a1a8e22766f24afbaaa115f272990e232021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.mjrheum.org/assets/files/792/file327_1347.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2529-198XDouble Negative (DN) B cells constitute a B cell population that lacks expression of immunoglobulin D and CD27 memory marker. These cells expand in elderly healthy individuals, but also accumulate prematurely in autoimmune and infectious diseases. COVID-19 is a pandemic infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that was first observed in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In its more severe cases, COVID-19 causes severe pneumonia and acute respiratory syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that the extrafollicular DN2 B cell subset, previously described in lupus patients, does also expand in severe and/or critical groups of COVID-19 patients. These DN2 cells correlate with disease severity and laboratory parameters of inflammation. However, their exact role and function in COVID-19 require to be further investigated. In this review, we highlight the DN immune responses in both rheumatic diseases and COVID-19, and we point out the importance of clarifying DN’s role in the immunopathology of the aforementioned infection, as it could probably enable better management of rheumatic diseases during the pandemic. Of note, the symptomatology of COVID-19, as well as the potential outcome of death, have given rise to a worldwide concern and scare of exposition to SARS-CoV-2, especially among the rheumatological patients who believe to be at higher risk due to their immunological background and the immunosuppressive therapies. Nevertheless, there is no convincing evidence so far that these patients are truly at higher risk than others.Athanasios SachinidisAlexandros GaryfallosPCO Convin S.A.articledouble negative b cellsdn2rheumatic diseaseslupuscovid-19pandemicDiseases of the musculoskeletal systemRC925-935ENMediterranean Journal of Rheumatology, Vol 32, Iss 3, Pp 192-199 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	double negative b cells dn2 rheumatic diseases lupus covid-19 pandemic Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935
spellingShingle	double negative b cells dn2 rheumatic diseases lupus covid-19 pandemic Diseases of the musculoskeletal system RC925-935 Athanasios Sachinidis Alexandros Garyfallos Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
description	Double Negative (DN) B cells constitute a B cell population that lacks expression of immunoglobulin D and CD27 memory marker. These cells expand in elderly healthy individuals, but also accumulate prematurely in autoimmune and infectious diseases. COVID-19 is a pandemic infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that was first observed in Wuhan, China in December 2019. In its more severe cases, COVID-19 causes severe pneumonia and acute respiratory syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have revealed that the extrafollicular DN2 B cell subset, previously described in lupus patients, does also expand in severe and/or critical groups of COVID-19 patients. These DN2 cells correlate with disease severity and laboratory parameters of inflammation. However, their exact role and function in COVID-19 require to be further investigated. In this review, we highlight the DN immune responses in both rheumatic diseases and COVID-19, and we point out the importance of clarifying DN’s role in the immunopathology of the aforementioned infection, as it could probably enable better management of rheumatic diseases during the pandemic. Of note, the symptomatology of COVID-19, as well as the potential outcome of death, have given rise to a worldwide concern and scare of exposition to SARS-CoV-2, especially among the rheumatological patients who believe to be at higher risk due to their immunological background and the immunosuppressive therapies. Nevertheless, there is no convincing evidence so far that these patients are truly at higher risk than others.
format	article
author	Athanasios Sachinidis Alexandros Garyfallos
author_facet	Athanasios Sachinidis Alexandros Garyfallos
author_sort	Athanasios Sachinidis
title	Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
title_short	Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
title_full	Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
title_fullStr	Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
title_full_unstemmed	Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?
title_sort	double negative (dn) b cells: a connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and covid-19?
publisher	PCO Convin S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a1a8e22766f24afbaaa115f272990e23
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Double Negative (DN) B cells: A connecting bridge between rheumatic diseases and COVID-19?

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