Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides

Abstract The use of chemical insecticides has had many adverse effects. This study reports a novel perspective on the application of insect-based compounds to repel and eradicate other insects in a controlled environment. In this work, defense fluid was shown to be a repellent and insecticide agains...

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Autores principales:	S. Appalasamy, M. H. Alia Diyana, N. Arumugam, J. G. Boon
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/a1d5abb2630742e78a7cce2d0259dd28
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:a1d5abb2630742e78a7cce2d0259dd282021-12-02T15:12:55ZEvaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides10.1038/s41598-020-80018-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/a1d5abb2630742e78a7cce2d0259dd282021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80018-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The use of chemical insecticides has had many adverse effects. This study reports a novel perspective on the application of insect-based compounds to repel and eradicate other insects in a controlled environment. In this work, defense fluid was shown to be a repellent and insecticide against termites and cockroaches and was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Globitermes sulphureus extract at 20 mg/ml showed the highest repellency for seven days against Macrotermes gilvus and for thirty days against Periplaneta americana. In terms of toxicity, G. sulphureus extract had a low LC50 compared to M. carbonarius extract against M. gilvus. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the M. carbonarius extract indicated the presence of six insecticidal and two repellent compounds in the extract, whereas the G. sulphureus extract contained five insecticidal and three repellent compounds. The most obvious finding was that G. sulphureus defense fluid had higher potential as a natural repellent and termiticide than the M. carbonarius extract. Both defense fluids can play a role as alternatives in the search for new, sustainable, natural repellents and termiticides. Our results demonstrate the potential use of termite defense fluid for pest management, providing repellent and insecticidal activities comparable to those of other green repellent and termiticidal commercial products.S. AppalasamyM. H. Alia DiyanaN. ArumugamJ. G. BoonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q S. Appalasamy M. H. Alia Diyana N. Arumugam J. G. Boon Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
description	Abstract The use of chemical insecticides has had many adverse effects. This study reports a novel perspective on the application of insect-based compounds to repel and eradicate other insects in a controlled environment. In this work, defense fluid was shown to be a repellent and insecticide against termites and cockroaches and was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Globitermes sulphureus extract at 20 mg/ml showed the highest repellency for seven days against Macrotermes gilvus and for thirty days against Periplaneta americana. In terms of toxicity, G. sulphureus extract had a low LC50 compared to M. carbonarius extract against M. gilvus. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the M. carbonarius extract indicated the presence of six insecticidal and two repellent compounds in the extract, whereas the G. sulphureus extract contained five insecticidal and three repellent compounds. The most obvious finding was that G. sulphureus defense fluid had higher potential as a natural repellent and termiticide than the M. carbonarius extract. Both defense fluids can play a role as alternatives in the search for new, sustainable, natural repellents and termiticides. Our results demonstrate the potential use of termite defense fluid for pest management, providing repellent and insecticidal activities comparable to those of other green repellent and termiticidal commercial products.
format	article
author	S. Appalasamy M. H. Alia Diyana N. Arumugam J. G. Boon
author_facet	S. Appalasamy M. H. Alia Diyana N. Arumugam J. G. Boon
author_sort	S. Appalasamy
title	Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
title_short	Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
title_full	Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
title_fullStr	Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
title_sort	evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of macrotermes carbonarius and globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/a1d5abb2630742e78a7cce2d0259dd28
work_keys_str_mv	AT sappalasamy evaluationofthechemicaldefensefluidsofmacrotermescarbonariusandglobitermessulphureusaspossiblehouseholdrepellentsandinsecticides AT mhaliadiyana evaluationofthechemicaldefensefluidsofmacrotermescarbonariusandglobitermessulphureusaspossiblehouseholdrepellentsandinsecticides AT narumugam evaluationofthechemicaldefensefluidsofmacrotermescarbonariusandglobitermessulphureusaspossiblehouseholdrepellentsandinsecticides AT jgboon evaluationofthechemicaldefensefluidsofmacrotermescarbonariusandglobitermessulphureusaspossiblehouseholdrepellentsandinsecticides
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Evaluation of the chemical defense fluids of Macrotermes carbonarius and Globitermes sulphureus as possible household repellents and insecticides

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